Evidence for left ventricular dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Abstract

There is limited information on the development of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in the absence of lung and cardiac comorbidity. This study aimed to investigate whether OSA patients without heart morbidity develop LV dysfunction, and to assess the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on LV function.Twenty-nine OSA patients and 12 control subjects were studied using technetium99m ventriculography to estimate LV ejection fraction (LVEF), LV peak emptying rate (LVPER), time to peak emptying rate (TPER), peak filling rate (LVPFR) and time to peak filling rate (TPFR) before and after 6 months of treatment with CPAP.

Impact of obstructive sleep apnoea on diastolic function

“…Our finding of an association of OSA with diastolic dysfunction is supported by other studies [18,[20][21][22]30], although these studies are limited by a small sample size of between 20 and 68 participants. In a cohort of .500 patients, NIROUMAND et al [23] did not show an association of OSA with diastolic function.…”

“…The potential of CPAP therapy to reverse functional and structural remodelling of the heart has been confirmed in several studies [16][17][18][19]. However, it is currently unclear whether OSA is an independent risk factor for diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure.…”

Early left ventricular functional alterations in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

“…Cardiovascular complications of OSAS include systemic hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, nocturnal arrhythmias, cor pulmonale and sudden nocturnal death [2,10]. In addition to cardiac arrhythmias, arterial hypertension secondary to autonomic instability is known as one of the worst outcomes of OSAS [2].…”

Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular risk in children

“…У взрослых пациен-тов обструктивное апноэ сна приводит к систоличе-ской и диастолической дисфункции миокарда даже при отсутствии сопутствующих сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, в том числе и при отсутствии артериаль-ной гипертензии [34]. Исследований, посвященных влиянию апноэ сна на функцию миокарда у детей, значительно меньше, однако приводятся данные, согласно которым у пациентов детского возраста, как и у взрослых, отмечается снижение диастоличе-ской функции миокарда левого желудочка, а после коррекции обструктивного апноэ сна выраженность этих нарушений уменьшается [35].…”