Evidence for marine production of isoprene

Bonsang, B.; Polle, Claude; Lambert, G.

doi:10.1029/92gl00083

Cited by 214 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Recent estimates for oceanic isoprene emissions range from 0.089 (Erickson and Hernandez, 2013) 0.11 Tg (C) a −1 (Palmer and Shaw, 2005), much lower than previous estimates (Bonsang et al, 1992). Besides their low contribution to global totals, oceanic isoprene emissions are the main local isoprene source, in particular in the remote ocean marine boundary layer.…”

Section: Ocean-to-atmosphere Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Earth System Chemistry integrated Modelling (ESCiMo) with the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) version 2.51

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Three types of reference simulations, as recommended by the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI), have been performed with version 2.51 of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts -Hamburg (ECHAM)/Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model: hindcast simulations , hindcast simulations with specified dynamics , i.e. nudged towards ERA-Interim reanalysis data, and combined hindcast and projection simulations . The manuscript summarizes the updates of the model system and details the different model set-ups used, including the on-line calculated diagnostics. Simulations have been performed with two different nudging setups, with and without interactive tropospheric aerosol, and with and without a coupled ocean model. Two different vertical resolutions have been applied. The on-line calculated sources and sinks of reactive species are quantified and a first evaluation of the simulation results from a global perspective is provided as a quality check of the data. The focus is on the intercomparison of the different model set-ups. The simulation data will become publicly available via CCMI and the Climate and Environmental Retrieval and Archive (CERA) database of the German Climate Computing Centre (DKRZ). This manuscript is intended to serve as an extensive reference for further analyses of the Earth System Chemistry integrated Modelling (ESCiMo) simulations.

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Section: Ocean-to-atmosphere Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Earth System Chemistry integrated Modelling (ESCiMo) with the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) version 2.51

et al. 2016

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“…The numbers on the peaks refer to the identified compounds reported in Table 2 Table 2, p-ocimene accounted for 37% of the total monoterpenes and was the dominant measured monoterpene in the emission of D. tertiolecta. Since we have employed a β-cyclodextrin capillary separation column, the enantiomers of Since terrestrial vegetation is known to emit both isoprene and monoterpenes, [34] and it has been established that marine phytoplankton do emit isoprene, [12,17] the emission of monoterpenes from phytoplankton cannot be entirely unexpected. It is worth considering that terpenes are common metabolites in marine plants and their formation by the condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate units is, in this regard, comparable to terrestrial metabolism.…”

Section: Emission Of Monoterpenes From Phytoplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main exception is dimethyl sulfide (DMS), which is known to be produced biogenically in the ocean [8,9] and yields the inorganic aerosol component sulfate upon complete oxidation in the atmosphere. [10,11] Isoprene, the strongest terrestrial biogenic emission, has also been observed as an oceanic emission [12] and in laboratory based studies of plankton. [13][14][15][16][17] Furthermore, it has also been shown to form aerosols over the tropical rainforest, [18] and more controversially suggested as the cause of cloud droplet radius changes in clouds that form directly over phytoplankton blooms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for marine production of monoterpenes

et al. 2008

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Environmental context. Laboratory incubation experiments and shipboard measurements in the SouthernAtlantic Ocean have provided the first evidence for marine production of monoterpenes. Nine marine phytoplankton monocultures were investigated using a GC-MS equipped with an enantiomerically-selective column and found to emit monoterpenes including (−)-/(+)-pinene, limonene and p-ocimene, all of which were previously thought to be exclusively of terrestrial origin. Maximum levels of 100-200 pptv total monoterpenes were encountered when the ship crossed an active phytoplankton bloom. Abstract.Laboratory incubation experiments and shipboard measurements on the SouthernAtlantic Ocean have provided the first evidence for marine production of monoterpenes. Nine marine phytoplankton monocultures were investigated using a GC-MS equipped with an enantiomerically-selective column and found to emit at rates, expressed as nmol Monoterpenes were detected in marine air sufficiently far from land as to exclude influence from terrestrial sources. Maximum levels of 100-200 pptv total monoterpenes were encountered when the ship crossed an active phytoplankton bloom, whereas in low chlorophyll regions monoterpenes were mostly below detection limit.

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“…[2] Some organic trace gases, which are known to be emitted from the ocean (e.g. isoprene [3] ), exhibited significantly elevated mixing ratios over the phytoplankton bloom regions. Nonetheless the trace gas composition of the marine boundary layer of the remote Southern…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effect of marine isoprene and ship emissions on ozone, using modelling and measurements from the South Atlantic Ocean

et al. 2010

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Environmental context. Air over the remote Southern Atlantic Ocean is amongst the cleanest anywhere on the planet. Yet in summer a large-scale natural phytoplankton bloom emits numerous natural reactive compounds into the overlying air. The productive waters also support a large squid fishing fleet, which emits significant amounts of NO and NO 2 . The combination of these natural and man-made emissions can efficiently produce ozone, an important atmospheric oxidant.Abstract. Ship-borne measurements have been made in air over the remote South Atlantic and Southern Oceans in January-March 2007. This cruise encountered a large-scale natural phytoplankton bloom emitting reactive hydrocarbons (e.g. isoprene); and a high seas squid fishing fleet emitting NO x (NO and NO 2 ). Using an atmospheric chemistry box model constrained by in-situ measurements, it is shown that enhanced ozone production ensues from such juxtaposed marine biogenic and anthropogenic emissions. The relative impact of shipping and phytoplankton emissions on ozone was examined on a global scale using the EMAC model. Ozone in the marine boundary layer was found to be over ten times more sensitive to NO x emissions from ships, than to marine isoprene in the region south of 45 • . Although marine isoprene emissions make little impact on the global ozone budget, co-located ship and phytoplankton emissions may explain the increasing ozone reported for the 40-60 • S southern Atlantic region.

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Evidence for marine production of isoprene

Cited by 214 publications

References 14 publications

Earth System Chemistry integrated Modelling (ESCiMo) with the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) version 2.51

Earth System Chemistry integrated Modelling (ESCiMo) with the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) version 2.51

Evidence for marine production of monoterpenes

Assessing the effect of marine isoprene and ship emissions on ozone, using modelling and measurements from the South Atlantic Ocean

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