Evidence for nitroaromatics as direct-acting mutagens of airborne particulates

Wang, Ching Yung; Lee, Mei‐Sie; King, Charles M.; Warner, Peter

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(80)90093-4

Cited by 126 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Tester strains deficient in "classical" nitroreductases are less susceptible to mutation induction by 1-nitropyrene (19,54,57,58). The reduction of 1-nitropyrene is accomplished by a bacterial nitroreductase that is distinct from the "classical" nitroreductase that catalyzes the conversion of nitrofurans, nitroimidazoles, and simple nitroarenes (e.g., nitronaphthalenes, nitrofluorenes) to mutagens (54,55,58).…”

Section: Nitropolynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of organic particulates to respiratory cancer.

Matanoski¹,

Fishbein

Redmond

et al. 1986

Environ Health Perspect

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This paper presents some of the issues that remain to be resolved in order to assess the risk of cancer related to exposure to organic particulates. Most reviews of the effects of organic particulates from the outdoor environment on the risk of lung cancer show that this source seems to play a minor role. However, as fuel use and chemical composition of air pollutants change, the contribution of outdoor pollution as a cause of cancer may also change. Indoor air pollution is a more important source of exposure to organic particulates than is outdoor exposure. Although there is clear evidence that in occupational settings organic particulates cause human cancer, there has been almost no study of exposure to these types of particulates within indoor settings. Previous research has focused on cigarette smoke as the major indoor pollutant, but more specific characterization of contaminants in both the workplace and the home is required. The health effects of the higher levels of some of these contaminants in the workplace should be evaluated and the results extrapolated to populations exposed to lower levels in the home. Extensive research is needed to characterize organic particulate mixtures appropriately and test them for carcinogenicity. Studies on the health risks of nitropolynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans are reviewed, but their contribution to the overall burden of respiratory cancer in humans cannot be estimated at this time. Characterization of mixtures, assessment of exposures, and linkage of exposures to health effects are the objectives of the recommendations proposed for further research.

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Section: Nitropolynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of organic particulates to respiratory cancer.

Matanoski¹,

Fishbein

Redmond

et al. 1986

Environ Health Perspect

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“…43) Nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitroPAHs), which are carcinogenic and mutagenic, enter the environment from diesel engine exhaust, urban pollution sources, cigarette smoking and so on. [44][45][46] Several reports have indicated that nitroPAHs are mainly metabolized by nitro reduction, ring hydroxylation, acylation and conjugation in mammalian species. 47) Nitro-PAHs should also be examined to see whether nitro reduction or hydroxylation of the aromatic rings activates these compounds to xenobiotic estrogens, as is the case for their carcinogenicity.…”

Section: Activation Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitropolymentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Activation of Proestrogens in the Environment by Cytochrome P450 System

Kawa

Sugihara

Sanoh

et al. 2008

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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Liver microsome-mediated activation of proestrogens in the environment is reviewed here. Proestrogens such as methoxychlor, trans-stilbene, diphenyl, diphenylmethane, 2,2-diphenylpropane, benzo[a]pyrene, benzophenone, 2-nitrofluorene (NF), chalcone, trans-4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one and styrene oligomers are negative in in vitro estrogen screening tests. However, those proestrogens exhibit estrogenic activity after metabolic activation by the microsomal cytochrome P450 system. In these cases, hydroxylated derivatives of the compounds are formed as major metabolites, and these metabolites exhibit significant estrogenic activities. Thus, the estrogenic activities of proestrogenic compounds are a consequence of metabolism of the parent compounds. Various candidates for proestrogens among medicines and insecticides are also discussed.

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“…However, more convincing was the demonstration of the potent mutagenicity of the reduction product of 1,8-dinitropyrene in strain TA98/1,8-DNP6 (Table XVII). The strain, normally is non-responsive to (55,67) with nitro-and hydroxyl amino-naphthalenes using strains deficient in the classical nitroreductases (Table XVIII).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%