Evidence for nonpathogenic relationships of<i>Alternaria</i>section<i>Undifilum</i>endophytes within three host locoweed plant species

Noor, Aziza Ibrahim; Nava, Amy R.; Cooke, Peter; Cook, Daniel; Creamer, Rebecca

doi:10.1139/cjb-2017-0117

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Possibly the core ASVs also have beneficial properties for plants and in particular for P. ramosa and it is unclear whether these taxa persist as ubiquitous endophytes due to the fungal dispersal strategy or as a plant strategy to supply beneficial microbes for a better offspring fitness ( Verma and White, 2019 )⁠. In fact, there are a few evidences of plant-beneficial capacity of Fusarium, Altenaria , and Cladosporium species against pathogen and pests ( Atkins et al., 2003 ; Hamayun et al., 2010 ; Lorincz et al., 2010 ; Murphy and Doohan, 2018 ; Noor et al., 2018 ; Pappas et al., 2018 ). As examples, biocontrol activities of endophytic Fusarium spp., the most studied genus, have been reported against bacterial plant pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( Schulz et al., 2015 ), Microbotryum violaceum or even against other phytopathogenic Fusarium via antimicrobial compounds ( Hussain et al., 2015 ) and/or by niche competition ( Marín et al., 1998 )⁠.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Populations of the Parasitic Plant Phelipanche ramosa Influence Their Seed Microbiota

et al. 2020

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Seeds of the parasitic weed Phelipanche ramosa are well adapted to their hosts because they germinate and form haustorial structures to connect to roots in response to diverse host-derived molecular signals. P. ramosa presents different genetic groups that are preferentially adapted to certain hosts. Since there are indications that microbes play a role in the interaction especially in the early stages of the interaction, we studied the microbial diversity harbored by the parasitic seeds with respect to their host and genetic group. Twenty-six seed lots from seven cropping plots of three different hosts—oilseed rape, tobacco, and hemp—in the west of France were characterized for their bacterial and fungal communities using 16S rRNA gene and ITS (Internal transcribed spacer) sequences, respectively. First seeds were characterized genetically using twenty microsatellite markers and phenotyped for their sensibility to various germination stimulants including strigolactones and isothiocyanates. This led to the distinction of three P. ramosa groups that corresponded to their host of origin. The observed seed diversity was correlated to the host specialization and germination stimulant sensitivity within P. ramosa species. Microbial communities were both clustered by host and plot of origin. The seed core microbiota was composed of seventeen species that were also retrieved from soil and was in lower abundances for bacteria and similar abundances for fungi compared to seeds. The host-related core microbiota of parasitic seeds was limited and presumably well adapted to the interaction with its hosts. Two microbial candidates of Sphingobacterium species and Leptosphaeria maculans were especially identified in seeds from oilseed rape plots, suggesting their involvement in host recognition and specialization as well as seed fitness for P. ramosa by improving the production of isothiocyanates from glucosinolates in the rhizosphere of oilseed rape.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Populations of the Parasitic Plant Phelipanche ramosa Influence Their Seed Microbiota

et al. 2020

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“…Larger A. lentiginosus plants generally produce more seeds (J. Harrison, personal observation) and, thus, selection should operate against mechanisms by which A. fulva reduces host growth. On the other hand, A. fulva grows very slowly in culture [118, 119] and fast-growing plants could possibly outpace hyphal growth. If the fungus cannot grow fast enough to reach seeds before they mature, then its direct fitness is zero.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, A. fulva grows very slowly in culture [90,91] and fast-growing plants could possibly outpace hyphal growth. If the fungus cannot grow fast enough to reach seeds before they mature, then its direct fitness is zero.…”

Section: Effect Of Alternaria Fulva the Heritable Fungusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A suite of rare microbes interacts with a dominant, heritable, fungal endophyte to influence plant trait expression

Harrison

Beltran

Buerkle

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Endophytes are microbes that live, for at least a portion of their life history, within plant tissues. Endophyte assemblages are often composed of a few abundant taxa and many infrequently-observed, rare taxa. The ways in which most endophytes affect host phenotype are unknown; however, certain dominant endophytes can influence plants in ecologically meaningful ways-including by affecting growth and contributing to immune responses. In contrast, the effects of rare endophytes have been unexplored, and how rare and common endophytes might interact is also unknown. Here, we manipulate both the suite of rare foliar endophytes (including both fungi and bacteria) and Alternaria fulva-a dominant, verticallytransmitted fungus-within the fabaceous forb Astragalus lentiginosus. We report that rare, low-biomass endophytes affected host size and foliar %N, but only when the dominant fungal endophyte (A. fulva) was not present. A. fulva also reduced plant size and %N, but these deleterious effects on the host could be offset by a striking antagonism we observed between this heritable fungus and a foliar pathogen. These results are unusual in using experimental manipulation in a non-crop or non-grass system to demonstrate that interactions among taxa determine the net effect of endophytic assemblages on their hosts. We suggest that the myriad infrequently-observed endophytes within plant leaves may be more than a collection of uninfluential, commensal organisms, but instead have meaningful ecological roles.

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“…In central Africa the plant is used as a remedy for stomach ache and as an anti-diarrheal agent (Sibandze et al, 2010). S. cordatum houses asymptomatic microorganisms called endophytes that resides inside the tissues of the plant and spend part or whole of its life colonizing intercellular inside the tissues of health plants (Noor et al, 2018). These endophytes can either be fungal or bacterial; of the two, fungal endophytes are the highly isolated strain (Radji et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, fungal endophytes are the key prospects in the development of new drugs used in fighting diseases in people, animals and plants (Aly et al, 2010). Extractives from fungal endophytes have been reported to possess desirable antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer activities, hence can be used in the formulation of new agrochemicals as well as pharmaceuticals (Alvin et al, 2014;Noor et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New naphthalene derivative isolated from Diaporthe sp. host to Syzygium cordatum Hochst.ex Krauss plant

Erick¹,

Kiplimo²,

Matasyoh³

2021

J. Med. Plants Res.

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Fungal endophytes are regarded as inexhaustible sources of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals with profound antibacterial, anticancer or antifungal activities. Diaporthe sp., an endophytic fungus residing in medicinal plant S. cordatum, showed a good antagonism against bacterial pathogens of beans; Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola (Psp) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv phaseoli (Xap), with zones of inhibitions of 14.00 ± 1.15 and 17.00 ± 0.58 mm against the test organisms respectively. Large scale fermentation of Diaporthe sp. was performed on rice media after which ultrasonic extraction on methanol was done to yield methanol crude extract. Methanol crude extract was then partitioned between hexane and ethyl acetate to yield their respective crude extracts. Ethyl acetate fraction of Diaporthe sp. yielded one new naphthalene derivative compound which was accorded IUPAC name as 3-methoxy-5-methylnaphthalene-1, 7-diol after series of purifications on column chromatography as well as preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (pHPLC). Structure determination of isolated compounds was performed on 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy experiments as well as a mass spectrometer to affirm its molecular mass. The F3 that yielded compound 1 had palpable antibacterial activities against Psp and Xap, with corresponding Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of 2.50 mg/ml (7.00 ± 0.00 mm) and 1.25 mg/ml (7.67 ± 0.33 mm) against the tests organisms respectively. These slight MIC values are chiefly attributed to the presence of active secondary metabolites in the fungal extracts that act against the test pathogens. This has therefore confirmed that fungal endophytes and their extractives have desirable antibacterial activities hence can be used in the formulation of agrochemicals or used as bio-control agents in crop protection especially in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L).

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Evidence for nonpathogenic relationships ofAlternariasectionUndifilumendophytes within three host locoweed plant species

Cited by 16 publications

References 58 publications

Populations of the Parasitic Plant Phelipanche ramosa Influence Their Seed Microbiota

Populations of the Parasitic Plant Phelipanche ramosa Influence Their Seed Microbiota

A suite of rare microbes interacts with a dominant, heritable, fungal endophyte to influence plant trait expression

New naphthalene derivative isolated from Diaporthe sp. host to Syzygium cordatum Hochst.ex Krauss plant

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