Evidence for the absence of mutagenic activity of furfuryl alcohol in tests of germ cells in Drosophila melanogaster

Rodríguez-Arnáiz, Rosario; Morales, Pablo Antonio Kuri; Moctezuma, R V; Salas, Rodríguez

doi:10.1016/0165-1218(89)90124-9

Cited by 19 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…The results of genotoxicity studies on furfural are summarised in Table 1. Loquet et al, 1981Aeschbacher et al,1989Shinohara et al, 1986Shane et al,1988Mortelmans et al,1986Zdzienicka et al,1978Sasaki & Endo, 1978Osawa & Namiki, 1982McMahon et al,1979Marnett et al, 1985 Furfural and furfural acetate Negative Nakamura et al, 1987Shinohara et al, 1986Matsui et al, 1989McGregor et al,1988Stich, 1981a, 1981bGalloway et al, 1985Gudi & Schadly., 1996Nishi et al, 1989Galloway et al, 1985Gomez-Arroyo & Souza, 1985Lake et al, 1998 In vivo -Arnaiz et al, 1989Rodriguez-Arnaiz et al, 1989Woodruff et al 1985 National Toxicology Program 1990 Subramanyam et al, 1989+ Subramanyam et al, 1989+ Phillips.et al, 1997Edwards, 1999 a with and without metabolic activation b without metabolic activation c with metabolic activation + abstract only; no details available There are few data on the reproductive toxicity of furfural. In one limited study, five groups of eight pregnant rats received furfural by gavage in water at doses of 10, 50, 100, 500 or 1000 mg/kg bw/day on days 6-15 of gestation.…”

Section: Long-term Studies Of Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Furfural and Furfural Diethylacetal

Flavourings¹

2004

EFSA Journal

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Section: Long-term Studies Of Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Furfural and Furfural Diethylacetal

Flavourings¹

2004

EFSA Journal

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Monohydric Alcohols—C7 to C22, Aromatic, and Other Alcohols

Shi,

Sarang,

Bevan

2023

Patty's Toxicology

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This chapter reviews linear and branched C7 to C18 monohydric aliphatic alcohols, as well as aromatic, alicyclic, aliphatic unsaturated, and aliphatic halogenated alcohols. The CAS registry number and molecular structures have been provided for all the alcohols, except for the oxo alcohols. These alcohols are mixtures of isomeric alcohols with the composition and CAS registry number dependent on the olefin feedstock.

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Monohydric Alcohols—C7 to C18, Aromatic, and Other Alcohols

Bevan¹

2001

Patty's Toxicology

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This chapter reviews linear and branched C 7 to C 18 monohydric aliphatic alcohols as well as aromatic, alicyclic, aliphatic unsaturated, and aliphatic halogenated alcohols. The CAS registry number and molecular structures have been provided for all of the alcohols, except for the oxo alcohols. These alcohols are mixtures of isomeric alcohols with the same molecular formula, with the composition and CAS registry number dependent on the olefin feedstock. The physical and chemical properties for these alcohols are listed. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has prepared a rating system to assess the physical and chemical hazards of chemicals with respect to flammability, health, and reactivity. In general, these alcohols are not reactive chemicals, except for the unsaturated alcohols. The most important commercial member of the heptanols is isoheptyl alcohol, which is a mixture of branched C 7 alcohols. This alcohol is used for the manufacture of esters such as phthalate plasticizers. 1‐Heptanol has little commercial value. Other C 7 alcohols are 2,3‐dimethyl‐1‐pentanol and the secondary alcohols, 2‐heptanol, 3‐heptanol, 4‐heptanol, and 2,4‐dimethyl‐3‐pentanol. 2‐Heptanol and 3‐heptanol can exist as enantiomers. The available toxicity data indicate that heptanols have a low order of acute toxicity and no occupational exposure standards exist for them. The most important commercial C 8 alcohols are 2‐ethylhexanol and a mixture of branched C 8 alcohols referred to as isooctyl alcohol. Other octanols of lesser commercial interest are 2‐octanol, 1‐octanol, 3,5‐dimethyl‐1‐hexanol, 2,2,4‐trimethyl‐1‐pentanol, and 2‐ethyl‐4‐methyl‐1‐pentanol. These alcohols are liquids at ambient temperature and are used primarily in producing esters, such as plasticizers. No occupational exposure standards exist for octanols except for isooctyl alcohol. The most important commercial members of this subgroup of alcohols are the C 9 oxo alcohols, which are a mixture of predominantly C 9 branched alcohols, diisobutyl carbinol, and 2,6‐dimethyl‐4‐heptanol. Two C 9 alcohols of lesser commercial importance are 1‐nonanol and 3,5,5‐trimethyl‐1‐hexanol. All of these alcohols are liquids at ambient temperatures. Acute studies in animals indicate a low order of toxicity. These alcohols are irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. They are also aspirations hazard. No serious adverse effects from industrial exposure were reported in humans. Prolonged or excessive exposure to the alcohols can produce local irritation and narcosis. No occupational exposure standards have been established for any of the nonanols. The decanols consist of more than 20 structural isomers, including a number of enantiomers. The most important commercial members are the C 10 oxo alcohols, which exist as a mixture of C 10 branched alcohols. Many of these alcohols are liquids. Unlike the lower alcohols, the decanols are less volatile and flammable. Toxicity studies indicate that these alcohols have a low order of acute toxicity but they are irritating to both the skin and eyes. No serious industrial intoxication has been reported for the decanols. No occupational exposure standards exist for the decanols. Dodecanols consist of more than 20 structural isomers, including a number of enantiomers. The two most prominent members of this group of alcohols are 1‐dodecanol and isodecyl alcohol, a mixture of predominantly C 12 branched alcohols. Toxicity studies indicate that dodecanols have a low order of acute toxicity. 1‐Dodecanol is the most studied C 12 alcohol and is a tumor promoter in mice. There have been no reports of adverse effects in humans. No occupational exposure standards have been established for any of the decanols. There are at least five aromatic alcohols of commercial interest; three primary alcohols (benzyl alcohol, 2‐phenylethanol, and p ‐tolyl alcohol) and two secondary alcohols (1‐phenylethanol and 2‐phenyl‐2‐propanol). All of these alcohols are liquids at ambient temperatures. No valid NIOSH methods exist to measure these alcohols in air. The toxicities of benzyl alcohol and 2‐phenylethanol are the most studied of the aromatic alcohols. As a group, these alcohols have a low to moderate order of acute toxicity and have been both active and inactive in genotoxicity assays. No occupational exposure standards have been set for these alcohols. There are at least four alicyclic alcohols of commercial interest, two from the cyclohexyl family (cyclohexanol, methylcyclohexanols) and two from the furan family (furfuryl alcohol and tetrahydrofuran methanol). These alcohols are liquids. Cyclohexanol and furfuryl alcohol are the best studied alcohols of this group. Occupational exposure standards exist for these alcohols, except for tetrahydrofuran methanol. Unsaturated alcohols can be divided into olefinic (double‐bond) and acetylenic (triple‐bond) alcohols. Allyl alcohol is the most important olefinic alcohol as well as the most studied in this subset; propargyl alcohol and hexynol alcohol are the most commercially important acetylenic alcohols. There are also a number of other olefinic alcohols (C 5 ) and acetylenic alcohols (C 4 to C 10 ) with toxicity data. In general, these alcohols are liquids and are quite reactive. Occupational exposure standards exist for allyl alcohol and propargyl alcohol. The most important commercial members of the halogenated alcohol series are 2‐chloroethanol, or ethylene chlorohydrin, and chloropropanols, which are two isomers. These three alcohols exist as volatile liquids.

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Evidence for the absence of mutagenic activity of furfuryl alcohol in tests of germ cells in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Furfural and Furfural Diethylacetal

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Furfural and Furfural Diethylacetal

Monohydric Alcohols—C7 to C22, Aromatic, and Other Alcohols

Monohydric Alcohols—C7 to C18, Aromatic, and Other Alcohols

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