Evidence for Therapeutic Patient Education Interventions to Promote Cardiovascular Patient Self-Management: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association

Abstract

A lthough the overall rate of death associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to decline in the United States, [1][2][3] CVD is a leading cause of mortality and disability. The burden of CVD remains high, underscoring the need to improve long-term management of CVD as a chronic illness. Effective implementation of current treatment guidelines for primary and secondary prevention of CVD relies heavily on patient knowledge and engagement in carrying out the plan of care. Healthcare reforms have increasingly shifted the responsibility for self-management to patients and families as hospital stays and ambulatory visits have become shorter and less frequent.Background-The burden of cardiovascular disease as a chronic illness increasingly requires patients to assume more responsibility for their self-management. Patient education is believed to be an essential component of cardiovascular care; however, there is limited evidence about specific therapeutic patient education approaches used and the impact on patient self-management outcomes. Methods and Results-An integrative review of the literature was conducted to critically analyze published research studies of therapeutic patient education for self-management in selected cardiovascular conditions. There was variability in methodological approaches across settings and disease conditions. The most effective interventions were tailored to individual patient needs, used multiple components to improve self-management outcomes, and often used multidisciplinary approaches. Conclusions-This synthesis of evidence expands the base of knowledge related to the development of patient selfmanagement skills and provides direction for more rigorous research. Recommendations are provided to guide the implementation of therapeutic patient education in clinical practice and the design of comprehensive self-management interventions to improve outcomes for cardiovascular patients. (Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2017;10:e000025.

Translation and evaluation of a comprehensive educational program for cardiac rehabilitation patients in Latin America: A multi-national, longitudinal study

“…CR has internationally-agreed core components such as structured exercise and patient education [ 7 ], which are also recommended in South American-specific CR guidelines [ 8 ]. Indeed, based on evidence of effectiveness [ [9] , [10] , [11] ], patient education is also a CR quality indicator [ 12 ]. In most Latin American countries however, patient education is not often delivered, and definitely not in a standardized way where it is [ 13 ].…”

Evaluating the Use of Mobile Health Technology in Older Adults With Heart Failure: Mixed-Methods Study

“…Physiological changes that may indicate subclinical congestion may be monitored through a range of strategies ranging from home observation to routine monitoring of vital signs (such as BP and heart rate) to auto monitoring through implantable devices [6]. Patients with HF can prevent comorbidity, premature mortality, and costly hospitalizations through early recognition of decompensation and self-care strategies at home [8-10].…”

Role of Digital Games in Self-Management of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Scoping Review

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