Evidence for unmyelinated C fibres and inflammatory cells in human varicose saphenous vein

Vital, Anne; Carles, Dominique; Serise, J.-M.; Boisseau, M. R.

doi:10.1055/s-0031-1278374

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In previous research, the positive correlation between venous stasis (decreased blood flow) and IL-6 was observed [28] and it suggests the potential role of IL-6 as an important factor of the inflammatory cascade related to variety of vascular diseases [29]. Unmyelinated C fibers are present in varicose vein walls remodeled by chronic inflammation, and these nervous fibers play a key role in the onset of pain [27,30]. The pain is not constantly present in CVI symptomatology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diosmin Administration in Patients with Chronic Venous Disorders on Selected Factors Affecting Angiogenesis

et al. 2019

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Diosmin is a natural compound with a wide range of biological activity, e.g., it improves lymphatic drainage, supports microcirculation, and increases venous tone, and venous elasticity, hence, it is applied in the pharmacotherapy of chronic venous disorders (CVD). The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between diosmin administration (2 × 600 mg daily) in patients suffering from CVD and the levels of selected factors influencing angiogenesis, which are involved in CVD pathophysiology. Thirty-five CVD patients were examined. Levels of plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A and VEGF-C); angiostatin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2); and plasminogen (PLG) were measured with an Elisa assay before and after three months of diosmin administration. The clinical symptoms of CVD were monitored using ultrasound images, echo Doppler assay, visual analogue scale (VAS), and measurement of the leg circumference. The average content of TNF alpha, VEGF-C, VEGF-A IL-6, and FGF2 decreased after the therapy with diosmin in a significant manner; with p < 0.001, p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively, and a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the plasma angiostatin level after the three-month treatment was found. A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in edema and the average leg circumference of the patients was observed after the therapy. Diosmin influences the angiogenic and inflammatory mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of edema presented in patients with a different class of CVD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diosmin Administration in Patients with Chronic Venous Disorders on Selected Factors Affecting Angiogenesis

et al. 2019

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“…Moreover, nerve structures known as C-nociceptors, that can be activated by inflammatory mediators, have been found both in the media of varicose veins and in the perivenous connective tissue. 12,16…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Moreover, nerve structures known as C-nociceptors, that can be activated by inflammatory mediators, have been found both in the media of varicose veins and in the perivenous connective tissue. 12,16 Furthermore, Allegra et al 5 postulated even a role of estrogens and endocrine changes in the pathogenesis of FCVD, and this aspect needs further investigation, especially, in the light of the latest findings about the function of these hormones on the veins. 17 Andreozzi 6 suggested that subjective symptoms in HP could also be caused by the reduction of the venous wall tone caused by the reduction of the muscle -venous calf pump and increase of the venous wall compliance, which can be easily detected with the strain-gauge plethysmography, reflection light photopletismography (PPG), Laser Doppler evaluation and Duplex Ultrasound measuring, in this latter case, the difference between the vein diameter in supine and upright position at the level of the popliteal vein, tibio-peroneal trunk and gastrocnemial veins.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Molecular and Instrumental Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional chronic venous disease: A systematic review

et al. 2017

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Objectives Functional chronic venous disease is an underestimated syndrome quite present in the general population. It affects up to 20% of the general population and is based on the presence of venous symptoms without instrumental evidence of anatomic and morphologic damage. The aim of this review article is to provide the reader with the most updated information on this phenomenon. Methods Medline and Scopus databases were searched without time limit using the key-word: 'Functional chronic venous disease of legs', C0s patients. We decided to include all the studies conducted about functional chronic venous disease. Randomised trials, cohort studies and reviews were contemplated in order to give a breadth of clinical data. Only publications in English were considered. We excluded all the studies with insufficient statistical analysis, possible biases and contradictions, not clear end-points, inconsistent or arbitrary conclusions. Results Of the 326 records found, after removal of 68 duplicates, 143 matched our inclusion criteria. After reading the full-text articles, 133 manuscripts were excluded. Ten full text articles were assessed for eligibility and four studies were excluded because of the following reasons: (a) no specific or important content and (b) insufficient data; the final set included six articles. Conclusions Functional chronic venous disease is a complex syndrome and further evidences are needed in order to assess the pathophysiology, the morbidity and the correct treatment of this venous dysfunction.

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“…Localized release of proinflammatory mediators such as bradykinin, prostaglandins E2 and D2, platelet-activating factor, and leukotriene B4 [ 19 - 21 ] due to mechanisms triggered by capillary stasis and local hypoxia seems to play a decisive role in the activation of venous and perivenous nociceptors and may account for the occurrence of pain [ 22 ]. Likewise, primary afferent C fibers are supposed to play a role in the sensation of heat, cold and itching through the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to the brain [ 23 ]. Afferent C fibers are also capable of stimulating the circulatory and immune responses through the release of neuropeptides such as substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide [ 24 ].…”

Section: Peripheral Varicose Veinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms in Dilating Venous Disease

Yetkın

Öztürk²,

Çuğlan

et al. 2020

CCR

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Lower extremity venous diseases or insufficiency include clinically deteriorating conditions with morphological and functional alterations of the venous system including venous hypertension, vascular wall structural abnormality, and venous valvar incompetency in association with a inflammatory process . In fact the same pathophysiological processes are the main underlying mechanisms of other venous insufficiencies in different vascular territories such as varicocele, pelvic varicosities or congestion syndrome and hemorrhoids.Regarding the anatomical continuity of lower extremity venous system, urogenital system (pampiniform plexus in male and broad ligament and ovarian veins in female) and anorectal venous system, it is reasonable to expect common symptoms such as pain, burning sensation, pruritis, swelling, which arises direclty from the involved tissue itself. High coexistence rate of peripheral varicose vein, varicocele/pelvic congestion syndrome and hemorrhoid between eachother undelines not only the same vascular wall abnormaility as an underlying etiology but also existence of common symptoms originating from the involved tissue in dilating venous disease. Accordingly, it might be reasonable to query the common symptoms of venous dilating disease in other venous vascular region in patients with complaints of any particular venous territory.

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Evidence for unmyelinated C fibres and inflammatory cells in human varicose saphenous vein

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of Diosmin Administration in Patients with Chronic Venous Disorders on Selected Factors Affecting Angiogenesis

Effect of Diosmin Administration in Patients with Chronic Venous Disorders on Selected Factors Affecting Angiogenesis

Functional chronic venous disease: A systematic review

Symptoms in Dilating Venous Disease

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