Evidence implicating both slow- and fast-conducting fibers in the rewarding effect of medial forebrain bundle stimulation

Murray, Beverley; Shizgal, Peter

doi:10.1016/0166-4328(94)90050-7

Cited by 26 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Although calculations and experiments indicate direct depolarization is less likely with stimuli delivered to the cell bodies (22)(23)(24), electrically evoked dopamine release could arise from transsynaptic activation of glutamatergic or cholinergic afferents in the VTA. Indeed, by using much different stimulation parameters and locations, it has been shown that ICSS can be supported by stimulations that activate descending, nondopaminergic fibers and secondarily effect dopamine neurotransmission (25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic changes in accumbens dopamine correlate with learning during intracranial self-stimulation

Owesson-White

Cheer²,

Beyene³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

125

167

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Dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is an important neurotransmitter for reward-seeking behaviors such as intracranial selfstimulation (ICSS), although its precise role remains unclear. Here, dynamic fluctuations in extracellular dopamine were measured during ICSS in the rat NAc shell with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon-fiber microelectrodes. Rats were trained to press a lever to deliver electrical stimulation to the substantia nigra (SNc)/ ventral tegmental area (VTA) after the random onset of a cue that predicted reward availability. Latency to respond after cue onset significantly declined across trials, indicative of learning. Dopamine release was evoked by the stimulation but also developed across trials in a time-locked fashion to the cue. Once established, the cue-evoked dopamine transients continued to grow in amplitude, although they were variable from trial to trial. The emergence of cue-evoked dopamine correlated with a decline in electrically evoked dopamine release. Extinction of ICSS resulted in a significant decline in goal-directed behavior coupled to a significant decrease in cue-evoked phasic dopamine across trials. carbon-fiber electrode ͉ cyclic voltammetry ͉ extinction ͉ nucleus accumbens shell ͉ reward I ntracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) was discovered in 1954 (1). In this paradigm, a rat depresses a lever to deliver an electric shock to electrodes implanted within the brain. Extensive mapping studies by Olds and Olds later showed that the neuroanatomical region supporting ICSS centered in the posterior MFB region of the lateral hypothalamus (2). This finding provoked considerable interest, because it identified a brain reward pathway that could be centrally activated without the need for sensory stimulation (3, 4). Although a role for several neurotransmitters has been implicated in ICSS, dopamine appears to play a primary role (5, 6), leading to the view that dopaminergic signaling is essential during goal-directed behaviors. Indeed, it was postulated that increased dopaminergic neurotransmission was necessary for the reinforcement of reward-related behavior (7).More recently, electrophysiological studies in primates have provided new insight into the role of dopaminergic neurons in reward processing (8). In response to unexpected rewards, dopamine neurons exhibit phasic firing. However, when an animal learns that a cue predicts reward, the burst of neuronal firing switches to the onset of the cue (9-12). Responses to the cue increase with repeated trials, and these paired responses of midbrain dopamine neurons follow the expectations of models of associative learning in which dopamine signaling is a reward-prediction error (12,13). Similar responses to conditioned stimuli that predict reward have also been observed for midbrain dopaminergic neurons in rats (14).A phasic increase in dopamine neuronal firing should lead to a dopamine concentration transient in terminal areas such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Indeed, using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon-fiber microe...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic changes in accumbens dopamine correlate with learning during intracranial self-stimulation

Owesson-White

Cheer²,

Beyene³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

125

167

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“…In ICSS, the animal receives a rewarding electrical brain stimulation, typically targeting dopaminergic processes. Dopamine is widely implicated in the reinforcing components of psychostimulants and ICSS, but the extent of its neuromodulatory role during such behaviors has been debated (113–116). …”

Section: Novel Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Analysis of Neurotransmitters

Bucher¹,

Wightman

2015

Annual Rev. Anal. Chem.

250

229

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Chemical signaling through the release of neurotransmitters into the extracellular space is the primary means of communication between neurons. More than four decades ago, Ralph Adams and his colleagues realized the utility of electrochemical methods for the study of easily oxidizable neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin and their metabolites. Today, electrochemical techniques are frequently coupled to microelectrodes to enable spatially resolved recordings of rapid neurotransmitter dynamics in a variety of biological preparations spanning from single cells to the intact brain of behaving animals. In this review, we provide a basic overview of the principles underlying constant-potential amperometry and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry, the most commonly employed electrochemical techniques, and the general application of these methods to the study of neurotransmission. We thereafter discuss several recent developments in sensor design and experimental methodology that are challenging the current limitations defining the application of electrochemical methods to neurotransmitter measurements.

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“…Collision experiments [9,10,12,41] have shown that the directly stimulated substrate includes fast-conducting axons that are continuous between the lateral hypothalamic and ventral tegmental levels of the MFB. Also, the behaviorally relevant direction of conduction in at least some of these fibers is rostro-caudal [11].…”

Section: The Stimulated Neurons Are Likely Non-dopaminergicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysical inference of frequency-following fidelity in the neural substrate for brain stimulation reward

Solomon

Trujillo-Pisanty

Conover

et al. 2015

Behavioural Brain Research

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Evidence implicating both slow- and fast-conducting fibers in the rewarding effect of medial forebrain bundle stimulation

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

Dynamic changes in accumbens dopamine correlate with learning during intracranial self-stimulation

Dynamic changes in accumbens dopamine correlate with learning during intracranial self-stimulation

Electrochemical Analysis of Neurotransmitters

Psychophysical inference of frequency-following fidelity in the neural substrate for brain stimulation reward

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