Evidence of a Thyrotropin-Releasing Activity of Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Domestic Fowl (Gallus domesticus)

Geris, Kris; Kotanen, Stephen; Berghman, Luc; Kühn, Eduard; Darras, Veerle

doi:10.1006/gcen.1996.0156

Cited by 58 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…This is corroborated by previous reports in several species (Yulis & Lederis 1987, Pepels et al 2002. The absence of direct innervation of the pPD TSH cells by CRH is remarkable and in paradox with the potent in vitro and in vivo TSH-releasing capacity of CRH in fish (De Pedro et al 1995, Larsen et al 1998 as well as in amphibians and birds (Denver 1988, Geris et al 1996. In chicken, CRH is a potent TSH-releasing factor, although the pituitary thyrotropes do not express CRH-R1 (De Groef et al 2003).…”

Section: Innervation Of the Teleost Pituitary Glandsupporting

confidence: 89%

Structural characterisation of a cyprinid (Cyprinus carpio L.) CRH, CRH-BP and CRH-R1, and the role of these proteins in the acute stress response

Huising¹,

Metz²,

Schooten³

et al. 2004

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

167

118

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We elucidated the structure of the principle factors regulating the initiation of the acute stress response in common carp: corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), CRH-receptor 1 (CRH-R1) and CRH-binding protein (CRH-BP). Phylogenetic analyses reveal that these proteins are evolutionarily well conserved in vertebrates. CRH and CRH-BP expression are not co-localised in the same hypothalamic perikarya. On the contrary, CRH-BP expression is limited to the perimeter of the nucleus preopticus (NPO), but is abundant in other regions, including an area directly rostral from, and in close proximity to, the NPO. Despite the lack of co-expression, the nerve fibres projecting onto both the rostral pars distalis (rPD) as well as the large fibre bundles projecting onto the pars intermedia (PI) contain CRH as well as CRH-BP, suggesting that both ACTH release from the rPD as well as the release of PI melanotrope content is regulated via CRH and CRH-BP. Finally, we show via real-time quantitative PCR that expression of hypothalamic CRH and CRH-BP following a 24 h restraint significantly increases, whereas PD CRH-R1 expression decreases; this reflects desensitisation of the PD for hypothalamic CRH output. We conclude that these factors are actively involved in the regulation of acute stress responses in the teleost fish.

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Section: Innervation Of the Teleost Pituitary Glandsupporting

confidence: 89%

Structural characterisation of a cyprinid (Cyprinus carpio L.) CRH, CRH-BP and CRH-R1, and the role of these proteins in the acute stress response

Huising¹,

Metz²,

Schooten³

et al. 2004

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

167

118

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“…Also, there is close interaction between the thyroid and adrenal axes in chickens. The probiotic might possess the physiological role of enhancing the activity of corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF), which is known to stimulate thyrotropin secretion and, hence, T 4 secretion [18,19]. Also, the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were increased in the probiotic-supplemented groups.…”

Section: Carcass and Organ Weights Of Broiler Chickensmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Different Levels of Supplemental Yeast on Body Weight, Thyroid Hormone Metabolism and Lipid Profile of Broiler Chickens

Aluwong

Hassan²,

Dzenda

et al. 2013

J. Vet. Med. Sci.

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ABSTRACT. In poultry, the benefits of probiotic supplementation on broiler performance and health have been reported. The present study examined the effect of supplemental yeast probiotic preparations on body weight, thyroid hormone metabolism and serum lipid profile in broilers. The experiment was carried out on hybrid Marshall broiler chickens (n=200). Two hundred 1-day-old chicks were randomly selected and distributed into 4 groups of 50 1-day-old chicks each (control, C; E 1 0.5%, E 2 1.5% and E 3 2.0%, experimental groups). The birds were housed in an environmentally controlled poultry house with the floor covered with wood shavings. Chicks were fed commercial broiler starter diet for the first 28 days of age, followed by pelleted finisher diet from 29-42 days. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Chickens fed 2.0% probiotic had a significantly (P<0.05) higher body weight when compared with the control group. The blood glucose concentration was significantly (P<0.05) different in the E 3 1.5% probiotic supplemented group when compared with the control. There was highly significant (P<0.05) difference in T 4 level in the E 3 2.0% probiotic group when compared with the control. However, there was a significant difference in cholesterol concentrations observed in the experimental group supplemented with E 1 0.5% probiotic. The concentration of triglycerides was not affected by the probiotic supplementation. Significant differences (P<0.01) were observed in HDL concentrations in all experimental groups supplemented with the probiotic when compared with the control group. In conclusion, supplementing broiler feeds with a yeast probiotic increased body weight, enhanced thyroid hormone metabolism, and decreased cholesterol and lipoproteins in broiler chickens.

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“…Meeuwis et al (1989) showed that injection of several doses (0.5, 1, 2, and 5 µg) of ovine CRH (oCRH) increased not only plasma corticosterone levels, but also circulating T 4 and T 3 concentrations in 18-day-old chicken embryos. Geris et al (1996) found that TSH is involved in this CRH effect on thyroid function, because they observed a rapid elevation of TSH plasma levels after oCRH administration. oCRH, however, did not influence the secretion of T 4 by isolated thyroid glands in vitro.…”

Section: Direct Involvement Of Trh In Avian Thermoregulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed Geris et al (1996) found that CRH also stimulates the production of TSH, through the specific CRHreceptor 2, by the anterior pituitary in 19-day-old chicken embryos, suggesting that there is a strong interaction between the HPT-axis and the HPA-axis already during prenatal stages. These findings illustrate the existence of an interaxial hypothalamic control of TSH release in chickens.…”

Section: Regulatory Mechanisms Of the Avian Hpt-axis And The Hpa-axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and its interaction with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the ontogeny of avian thermoregulation: a review

Debonne

Baarendse

Brand

et al. 2008

World's Poultry Science Journal

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The emergence of thermoregulation in avian species is a complex matter in which neural as well as hormonal processes are involved. In a previous paper, the neural aspects of primary avian thermoregulation were discussed. In this paper the role of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT-axis) and the hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenal axis (HPA-axis) in the ontogeny of avian thermoregulation is evaluated. The regulatory mechanisms and different important hormones of both axes, which have stimulatory or inhibitory effects, are discussed. Because the onset of functionality of the thermoregulatory system is of great interest, the ontogeny and functionality of the hormonal axes are clarified. There is a great difference between precocial and altricial birds in hormonal events as well as in neural processes which are involved in the emergence of thermoregulation. In precocial avian species the HPT-axis becomes functional during the mid-to late embryonic period while the same axis only becomes fully functional during the first week post-hatch in altricial avian species.As early as the sixties, the emergence of homeothermy in chickens was investigated. It was concluded that the thyroid gland plays an important role in the thermoregulatory mechanisms of newly hatched chicks. More recent studies however were not able to show any direct effect of the thyroid hormones on the thermoregulation of day-old chicks, although blocking the conversion of T4 to T3 caused a decrease in body temperature in young chicks. Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) is known to act in thermoregulation in mammals and several authors have found an effect of TRH on the metabolism of young and older chicks. However, the exact mechanism still remains unclear.Because the HPT-and the HPA-axis show close relationships, the role of the HPAaxis in the ontogeny of thermoregulation is also taken into consideration in this review. In mammals as well as in birds, corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) is involved in the primary thermoregulation.We conclude that the HPT-axis has an important role in the ontogeny of avian thermoregulation. The exact role of the HPA-axis remains largely unclear although at least CRH is definitely of some importance.

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Evidence of a Thyrotropin-Releasing Activity of Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Domestic Fowl (Gallus domesticus)

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

Structural characterisation of a cyprinid (Cyprinus carpio L.) CRH, CRH-BP and CRH-R1, and the role of these proteins in the acute stress response

Structural characterisation of a cyprinid (Cyprinus carpio L.) CRH, CRH-BP and CRH-R1, and the role of these proteins in the acute stress response

Effect of Different Levels of Supplemental Yeast on Body Weight, Thyroid Hormone Metabolism and Lipid Profile of Broiler Chickens

Involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and its interaction with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the ontogeny of avian thermoregulation: a review

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