Evidence of EBV infection in lymphomas diagnosed in Lusaka, Zambia

Kafita, Doris; Kaile, Trevor; Malyangu, Evans; Tembo, Rabecca; Zulu, Ephraim; Chisanga, Chrispin; Kalonda, Annie; Samutela, Mulemba Tillika; Polepole, Pascal; Kwenda, Geoffrey

doi:10.11604/pamj.2018.29.181.11847

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…With the increase in lymphoma cases worldwide, especially in South East Asia, it is important to know the local prevalence of lymphomas and their demographics, which can help generate optimal management plans. NHL was more common than HL in Pakistan and other areas of the world; however, the incidence and frequency of different subtypes of lymphomas differ locally from Western countries [24][25][26]. We found a male predominance in HL and NHL, similar to results from other studies [27,28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Clinicopathological Spectrum of Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Tertiary Care Cancer Hospital Study in Pakistan

Aslam¹,

Habib²,

Aziz³

2022

Cureus

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IntroductionLymphomas are a heterogeneous group of disorders that arise primarily from lymphoid tissue and are categorized based on histological features and immunophenotypes. The distribution and frequency of different types of lymphoma vary in different parts of the world. This study aimed to document the frequency and clinicopathological characteristics of various types of lymphoma in our population to understand the ever-increasing burden of disease and formulate the optimal management and prevention plans. Materials and methodsThis study was conducted at Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute (NORI) from August 2015 to March 2022. A total of 300 cases of lymphoma that were diagnosed and treated at NORI were included in the study. We measured the frequency of different lymphomas and patient age, sex, and stage IV presentation at the time of diagnosis. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) was used to analyze the data. ResultsThree hundred patients with lymphoma were included in the study. There were more non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) cases (n=224; 74.6%) than Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) cases (n=76; 25.3%). T-cell NHL was seen in 11 cases (4.8%), while B-cell NHL was found in 214 cases (95%). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the predominant type (n=156; 69.3%). Among T-cell lymphomas, anaplastic T-cell lymphoma was the most common subtype (n=6; 2.6%) followed by angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (n=2; 0.8%) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (n=1; 0.4%). For classical HL, mixed cellularity was the predominant type (n=38; 50%) followed by nodular sclerosis (n=31; 40.8%), lymphocyte depleted (n=5; 6.6%), and lymphocyte rich (n=2; 2.6%). Stage IV was present in 21 HL cases (27.6%), and stage IV was seen in 67 NHL cases (29.7%) at the time of diagnosis. Most HL and NHL patients were male. Most HL cases presented in the younger age group (aged 15 to 35 years), while the largest group of NHL patients were aged 56 to 75 years. ConclusionOur population has a broad spectrum of lymphoma and its subtypes. NHL is more common than HL, and the frequency of B-cell NHL is higher than that of T-cell NHL. Approximately one-third of the patients presented in stage IV at the time of diagnosis. An awareness of clinicopathological characteristics of lymphoma in our setup would aid in diagnosis, formulating standard management plans, and prevention strategies for optimal patient outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Clinicopathological Spectrum of Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Tertiary Care Cancer Hospital Study in Pakistan

Aslam¹,

Habib²,

Aziz³

2022

Cureus

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“…However, currently, cervical cancer remains mostly incurable [3]. As with other cancer-associated viruses, persistent infection of highrisk HPV genotypes is necessary for carcinogenesis of cervical cancer [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systems Approach Identifies Key Regulators of HPV-Positive Cervical Cancer

Sinkala

Zulu

Nkhoma

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Cervical cancer has remained the most prevalent and lethal malignancy among women worldwide and accounted for over 250,000 deaths in 2019. Nearly ninety-five per cent of cervical cancer cases are associated with persistent infection with high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV), and seventy per cent of these are associated with viral integration in the host genome. HPV-infection imparts specific changes in the regulatory network of infected cancer cells that are of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic importance. Here, we conducted a systems-level analysis of the regulatory network changes, and the associated regulatory proteins thereof, in HPV-positive cervical cancer. We applied functional pathway analysis to show that HPV-positive cancers are characterised by perturbations of numerous cellular processes, predominantly in those linked to the cell cycle, mitosis, cytokine and immune cell signalling. Using computational predictions, we revealed that HPV-positive cervical cancers are regulated by transcription factors including, SOX2, E2F, NANOG, OCT4, and MYC, which control various processes such as the renewal of cancer stem cells, and the proliferation and differentiation of tumour cells. Through the analysis of upstream regulatory kinases, we identified the mitogen-activated protein kinases; among others, MAPK1, MAPK3 and MAPK8, and the cyclin-dependent kinases; among others, CDK1, CDK2 and CD4, as the key kinases that control the biological processes in HPV-positive cervical cancers. Taken together, we uncover a landscape of the key regulatory pathways and proteins in HPV-positive cervical cancers, all of which may provide attractive drug targets for future therapeutics.

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“…This result is in the range of reported positivity in European countries [13,18,21,26]. EBV positivity varies depending on geographic area and ethnicity: 17% in the Czech Republic, 79% in Kenya, 78% in India, 52% in Zambia, and 46% in Jordan [10,11,17,18,21,27]. The EBV rate in cHL has been evolving over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The presence of EBV in cHL varies from 13 to 79% depending on the series. It is associated with younger or older age (<10 or > 50 years ), lower economic status, ethnicity (Hispanic, African population) [8,9], MC histology, and immunosuppression [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The presence of in situ EBV has been shown to have no prognostic impact except for patients > 50 years of age [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein Barr Virus in childhood and adolescent classical Hodgkin lymphoma in a French cohort of 301 patients

Pereira

Boudjemaa

Besson

et al. 2021

Preprint

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To analyze the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the biological and clinical characteristics of patients treated for classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) in France. Bio-pathological data of 301 patients treated for a cHL in or according to the protocol of the EuroNet PHL-C1 trial between November 2008 and February 2013 were centrally reviewed. Median age at diagnosis was 14 [3-18] years and the F/M ratio 0.86, 0.47 before 10 years and 0.9 from 11 to 18. CHL subtypes were nodular sclerosis for 266/301 (88%) patients, mixed cellularity for 22/301 (7%), lymphocyte rich for 2/301 (1%), and 11/301 were unclassified. EBV expression in situ (EBV cHL) was observed for 68/301 (23%) patients, significantly associated with MC subtype and male gender, and there was a trend with age <10 years, it was particularly overrepresented in boys below 10 years: 15/23 (65%) vs 28/139 among other male patients (20%). Event-free and overall survival were equivalent between EBV and non-EBV cHL patients. EBV viral load was tested for 108/301 patients and detectable in 22/108 (22%) cases. A positive viral load was overrepresented in EBV cHL versus non-EBV cHL patients: 13/28 (46%) vs 9/80 (11%). Detailed semi-quantitative histological analysis showed a high number of B-cell residual follicles in EBV cHL and no significant association with CD 20 or PAX 5 immunostaining in tumoral cells relative to EBV-negative HL. Distribution of EBV cHL in children and adolescents is associated with young age and male gender, suggesting a specific physiopathology and may require a differential therapeutic approach.

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Evidence of EBV infection in lymphomas diagnosed in Lusaka, Zambia

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Clinicopathological Spectrum of Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Tertiary Care Cancer Hospital Study in Pakistan

Clinicopathological Spectrum of Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Tertiary Care Cancer Hospital Study in Pakistan

A Systems Approach Identifies Key Regulators of HPV-Positive Cervical Cancer

Epstein Barr Virus in childhood and adolescent classical Hodgkin lymphoma in a French cohort of 301 patients

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