Evidence of Hypoxic Areas Within the Arterial Wall In Vivo

Björnheden, Tom; Levin, Max; Evaldsson, M.; Wiklund, Olov

doi:10.1161/01.atv.19.4.870

Cited by 247 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

156

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This hypothesis is consistent with a study by Ohta and Kusaba (1997) in which VVI-like vasa vasorum developed from the main lumen of dog vein bypass grafts in regions where there was local ischemia, as indicated by neointimal thickening (Crawford and Blankenhorn, 1991;Bjornheden et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Functional anatomy and hemodynamic characteristics of vasa vasorum in the walls of porcine coronary arteries

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study vasa vasorum in the walls of porcine coronary arteries were examined, using three-dimensional (3D) micro-CT scanning techniques. These techniques leave the 3D structure of the vasa vasorum tree intact and thus provide a much more direct view of this structure than is possible from conventional histological sections. The study demonstrates-for the first time, we believe-both the different types and the fine architecture of these vasa vasorum. Furthermore, with the use of automated tree analysis software, it was possible to obtain quantitative geometrical data on the 3D structure of vasa vasorum trees that have not previously been available. The results indicate that despite the restrictive topology of the space in which they are present, the branching architecture of the vasa vasorum trees, which we surveyed, is surprisingly similar to that of vasculature in general. The volume of vessel wall tissue perfused or drained by a vasa vasorum tree was found to correlate well with the cross-sectional area of the root segment of the vasa vasorum tree, and the luminal surface area corresponding to this volume was found to be comparable with the surface area of an early atherosclerotic lesion. This is consistent with earlier findings that the ligation or removal of vasa vasorum leads to atherogenesis. Anat Rec Part A 272A: 526 -537, 2003. Published 2003 Key words: vasa vasorum; vessel wall perfusion; vascular branching structure; vascular diseaseThe vasa vasorum have been the subject of considerable interest for more than a century (Koester, 1876), first because of their peculiar function (namely that of supplying blood to the walls of blood vessels), and second because of their possible role in atherogenesis

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Functional anatomy and hemodynamic characteristics of vasa vasorum in the walls of porcine coronary arteries

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…44 Recently, compelling evidence was presented that hypoxic areas do indeed exist, particularly in the thickened arterial wall. 45 Intermittent hypoxia and steep oxygen tension gradients may lead to oxyradical formation by disrupting oxygen metabolism and accelerating free radical formation through partially reduced oxygen products. This disruption of oxygen diffusion and associated reactive oxygen species formation may be related to the induction of antioxidant enzymes in the aortic wall of hypertensive rabbits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probucol Reduces Oxysterol Formation in Hypertensive Rabbits

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-The role of lipid peroxidation during the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has been described through numerous studies and has provided compelling evidence for free radical-mediated processes that link hypertension with atherosclerosis. However, there remains only limited information concerning peroxidative processes in hypertension and their modulation by antioxidants. In the present study, the formation of cholesterol oxidation products was used as a measure of in vivo lipid peroxidation after hypertension induced by coarctation of the aorta in New Zealand White rabbits. The rabbits were fed a standard chow diet devoid of cholesterol or cholesterol oxidation products such that the measured cholesterol oxides in the plasma and aortic tissues would most plausibly arise from endogenous oxidation of cholesterol. After 12 weeks of hypertension, all of the measured cholesterol oxides increased significantly over baseline levels in the surgically coarctated animals; however, this increase was significantly less in hypertensive probucol-treated animals. Similarly, the cholesterol oxide content of aortic tissue from the surgically coarctated animals was significantly greater than that found in normotensive control aortas, and probucol treatment significantly reduced the increase in cholesterol oxide content of aortic tissue relative to that of hypertensive animals not receiving the antioxidant. These findings in hypertensive animals suggest that cholesterol oxidation products measured in plasma and aortic tissue can be derived from endogenous free radical activity and that this activity is enhanced under specific pathological conditions. (Hypertension. 2000;36:436-441.)

show abstract

“…However, parts of advanced plaques become sensitive to local vasoconstrictors and are rendered hypoxic. 31 In advanced plaques, hypoxia-inducible factor-1␣ as well as vascular endothelial growth factor are upregulated, suggesting the presence of hypoxia and activation of angiogenesis pathways. 30 The resultant fragile neovessels can rupture or leak and cause intraplaque hemorrhage.…”

Section: Vascular Vasa Vasorum Endothelial Function and Hemorrhagementioning

confidence: 99%