Evidence of large Anacardiaceae trees from the Oligocene–early Miocene Santiago Formation, Azuero, Panama

Rodríguez-Reyes, Oris; Estrada‐Ruiz, Emilio; Gasson, Peter

doi:10.18268/bsgm2020v72n2a300719

Cited by 5 publications

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“…This led Jud et al (2017a) to describe several specimens of silicified woods from the area of Ocú, which in turn led them to suggest that they originated from the younger Santiago Formation (eroded away in this area). This was confirmed by Rodríguez- Reyes (2019Reyes ( , 2020aReyes ( , 2020b who found similar medium to large size tree trunks in-situ within the Santiago Formation more the the northwest. Rodríguez-Reyes et al (2020a) describe a new fossil-genus and species of Anacardiaceae tree from the largest fossil trunk discovered in Panama and probably, Central America (up to 2020).…”

Section: --------------------Unit: *San Carlos Formationsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…The Late Basalt Formation is the youngest volcanic unit along the southern Panama Canal (Farris et al (2017)). Thickness: 135m Macro Fossils: None Underlying Unit: Pedro Miguel Formation (however, the sills and dikes intrude locally into the Culebra, Cucaracha and Pedro Miguel Formations) Remarks: The Late Basalt Formation is an informal name for the stratigraphically youngest volcanic unit exposed along the Culebra Cut Maps, Cross-Sections & Pictures: Krawinkel et al (1999) Relevant documents discussing the Unit: Recchi and Miranda (1977); Ministerio de Comercio e Industrias (1991); Kolarsky et al (1995aKolarsky et al ( , 1995b; Krawinkel et al (1999); Buch et al 2011; Rodríguez- Reyes et al (2020aReyes et al ( , 2020b Synonymy: Santiago Formation Location of the type section / Stratotype / Reference Section / Other localities: Near Macaracas village Lithology: Sediment of the Macaracas Basin (north-central Azuero Peninsula, also reported as "Macaracas Formation" by Krawinkel et al (1999)) was considered by Recchi and Miranda (1977) to be part of the Santiago Formation described in the northern part of the Azuero Peninsula. Buchs et al (2011) also considers it the case (Figure 050: Top).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…More complete definition is desirable. • Stern and Eyde (1963); Keroher et al (1966); Woodring (1982); Ministerio de Comercio e Industrias (1991); Kolarsky et al (1995aKolarsky et al ( , 1995b; Instituto Geografico Nacional (IGN) "Tommy Guardia" (1996); Krawinkel et al (1999); Buchs et al (2010Buchs et al ( & 2011; Jud et al (2017a); Rodríguez- Reyes et al (2020aReyes et al ( , 2020b. Synonymy: Sometimes referred to as the "Macaracas Formation" (Kolarsky et al (1995a(Kolarsky et al ( , 1995b; Buchs et al (2011); Rodríguez- Reyes et al (2020b)).…”

Section: --------------------Unit: *San Carlos Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dimensions suggest a probable height of ~35m. Rodríguez-Reyes (2020a). (Material reproduced with the permission of the editor).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Stratigraphic Lexicon: The Onshore Cenozoic Sedimentary Formations of The Republic of Panama

Leblanc¹

2021

Biosis:Biol. Syst.

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The stratigraphic knowledge of Panama was, until now, spread over hundreds of scientific/geologic publications written during the past 120 years. The construction of the Panama Canal during the early twentieth century helped galvanizing the engineering and geological disciplines to understand the tectonic, sedimentation and biodiversity of the Cenozoic Era in this part of the world. Later, few petroleum companies arrived on the scene and contributed to our knowledge of the sub-surface. The past thirty years saw a surge of studies by many institutions in areas away from the Canal, such as in Darien, Azuero Peninsula, Bocas del Toro, and the Burica Peninsula near the Costa Rica Border. Our most recent knowledge came from the widening of the Panama Canal between 2007 and 2016. It is from all these older and recent studies that the present Lexicon draws its content. It provides the historical background of all described geological units in Panama and summarizes the lithological and paleontological knowledge of each units in an easy-to-search format.

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Section: --------------------Unit: *San Carlos Formationsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: --------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: --------------------Unit: *San Carlos Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dimensions suggest a probable height of ~35m. Rodríguez-Reyes (2020a). (Material reproduced with the permission of the editor).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stratigraphic Lexicon: The Onshore Cenozoic Sedimentary Formations of The Republic of Panama

Leblanc¹

2021

Biosis:Biol. Syst.

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“…The fossil woods were compared with available images of modern and fossil woods from the Inside Wood Database (IWD; insidewood.lib.ncsu.edu) [18] and literature [e.g. 8,12,[19][20][21][22]. We also made a plate of modern Anacardium micromorphology slides from the collection at Instituto de Biología, UNAM, México.…”

Section: Fossil Specimen Preparation and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new Oligocene-Miocene tree from Panama and historical Anacardium migration patterns

et al. 2021

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Migration of Boreotropical megathermal taxa during the Oligocene and Miocene played a key role in assembling diversity in tropical regions. Despite scattered fossil reports, the cashew genus Anacardium offers an excellent example of such migration. The fossil woods described here come from localities in Veraguas, Panama mapped as Oligocene-Miocene. We studied, described, and identified two well-preserved specimens using wood anatomical characteristics and completed extensive comparisons between fossil and extant material. The studied fossil woods share several diagnostic features with the modern Anacardium genus, including large solitary vessels, large intervessel-pitting, a simple vessel-ray pitting pattern, and mostly 1–3 seriate rays with large rhomboidal solitary crystals. We propose a new fossil species named Anacardium gassonii sp. nov., that adds an essential piece to the understanding of the historical biogeography of the genus. In addition, our findings confirm previous interpretations of this species’ migration from Europe to North America and its crossing through Panama, leading to subsequent diversification in South America. This discovery provides an important link to the historical migration patterns of the genus, supporting the notion of an Eocene migration to the Neotropics via Boreotropical bridges, as well as an Oligocene-Miocene crossing of Central America followed by diversification in South America.

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First fossil woods and palm stems from the mid‐Paleocene of Myanmar and implications for biogeography and wood anatomy

Gentis,

Licht,

De Franceschi

et al. 2024

American J of Botany

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PremiseThe rise of angiosperm‐dominated tropical rainforests has been proposed to have occurred shortly after the Cretaceous‐Paleogene transition. Paleocene fossil wood assemblages are rare yet provide important data for understanding these forests and whether their wood anatomical features can allow us to document these changes.MethodThe anatomy of eleven specimens of Paleocene‐age is described using standard terminology and their affinities to present‐day taxa is investigated.Key resultsWe report here the first middle Paleocene fossil wood specimens from Myanmar, which was near the equator and anchored to India at that time. Some fossils share affinities with Arecaceae, Sapindales (Anacardiaceae, Meliaceae) and Moraceae and possibly Fabaceae or Lauraceae. One specimen is described as a new species and genus: Compitoxylon paleocenicum gen. et sp. nov.ConclusionsThis assemblage reveals the long‐lasting presence of these aforementioned groups in South Asia and suggests the early presence of multiple taxa of Laurasian affinity in Myanmar and India. The wood anatomical features of the dicotyledonous specimens reveal that both “modern” and “primitive” features (in a Baileyan scheme) are present with proportions similar to Paleocene Indian localities. Their anatomical diversity corroborates that tropical flora display “modern” features early in the history of angiosperms, and that their high diversity remained steady afterwards.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Evidence of large Anacardiaceae trees from the Oligocene–early Miocene Santiago Formation, Azuero, Panama

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Stratigraphic Lexicon: The Onshore Cenozoic Sedimentary Formations of The Republic of Panama

Stratigraphic Lexicon: The Onshore Cenozoic Sedimentary Formations of The Republic of Panama

A new Oligocene-Miocene tree from Panama and historical Anacardium migration patterns

First fossil woods and palm stems from the mid‐Paleocene of Myanmar and implications for biogeography and wood anatomy

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