Evidence of mixed infection of peste des petits ruminants virus and bluetongue virus in a flock of goats as confirmed by detection of antigen, antibody and nucleic acid of both the viruses

Mondal, Bimalendu; Chand, Karam; Biswas, Sanchay Kumar; De, Ankan; Rajak, Kaushal Kishor; Chakravarti, Soumendu

doi:10.1007/s11250-009-9362-3

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, viruses of other heterologous BTV serotypes need to be purified using the same anti-core antibodies to compare the efficiency of this technique. Mixed infections of small ruminants with PPRV, BTV, orf virus and capripox virus are occasionally seen not only in India [11,13]. In our laboratory, FMDV have been isolated in several occasions from BTV antigen-positive sheep blood samples while attempting BTV isolation directly in BHK-21 cells (unpublished observations).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Purification of infective bluetongue virus particles by immuno-affinity chromatography using anti-core antibody

2016

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An immuno-affinity chromatography technique for purification of infective bluetongue virus (BTV) has been descried using anti-core antibodies. BTV anti-core antibodies (prepared in guinea pig) were mixed with cell culture-grown BTV-1 and then the mixture was added to the cyanogens bromide-activated protein-A Sepharose column. Protein A binds to the antibody which in turn binds to the antigen (i.e. BTV). After thorough washing, antigen-antibody and antibody-protein A couplings were dissociated with 4M MgCl 2 , pH6.5. Antibody molecules were removed by dialysis and virus particles were concentrated by spin column ultrafiltration. Dialyzed and concentrated material was tested positive for BTV antigen by a sandwich ELISA and the infectivity of the chromatography-purified virus was demonstrated in cell culture. This method was applied for selective capture of BTV from a mixture of other viruses. As group-specific antibodies (against BTV core) were used to capture the virus, it is expected that virus of all BTV serotypes could be purified by this method. This method will be helpful for selective capture and enrichment of BTV from concurrently infected blood or tissue samples for efficient isolation in cell culture. Further, this method can be used for small scale purification of BTV avoiding ultracentrifugation.

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confidence: 88%

Purification of infective bluetongue virus particles by immuno-affinity chromatography using anti-core antibody

2016

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“…57,59,62,65,66,67,68,70,72,74,79,80,81,84,86,87,88,89,90,93,94,95,97,98,99,105,106,109,112,113,114,116,117,118,119,120,121,125,126,128,130,131,132,133,135,137,138,139,141,142,145,147,…”

Section: Study Eligibility Form: Performance Of Diagnostic Tests For mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on peste des petits ruminants

2015

EFSA Journal

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a severe viral disease of small ruminants caused by a Morbillivirus closely related to rinderpest virus. It is widespread in Africa and Asia and is currently also found in Turkey and Northern Africa. PPR is transmitted via direct contact, and the disease would mainly be transferred to infection-free areas by transport of infected animals. In the EU, it could only happen through illegal transport of animals. The risk of that depends on the prevalence in the country of origin and the number of animals illegally moved. The extent of the spread would depend mainly on the time during which it is undetected, the farm density, the frequency and distance of travel of animals. PPR has a high within-herd transmission rate, therefore contacts between flocks, e.g. through common grazing areas, should be avoided when PPR is present. If PPR enters EU areas with dense sheep population but low goat density, it may spread rapidly undetected, since goats are considered more susceptible than sheep. Effective measures in limiting the spread of PPR in the EU include prompt culling of infected herds, rapid detection, movement restriction, and disinfection. Live attenuated vaccines against PPR are available, safe and effective, and have been successfully used to control PPR epidemics, but no method exists for differentiating between infected and vaccinated animals; therefore, the development of one is recommended. Awareness-raising campaigns for farmers and veterinary staff to promote recognition of the disease should be considered. The cooperation of the EU with neighbouring countries should be encouraged to prevent the spread of PPR and other transboundary diseases. In particular, EFSA was asked to (i) characterise the disease and provide an update on the global occurrence of PPR and changes in the distribution during the last 10 years; (ii) map the region of concern and other countries of the Mediterranean Basin and Black Sea, displaying identified, or likely, major live animal trade routes; (iii) evaluate all possible pathways of introduction of PPR into the EU, ranking them on the basis of their level of risk, with a view to enhancing preparedness and prevention; (iv) assess the risk of introduction and speed of propagation of PPR into the EU and neighbouring countries; (v) assess the risk of PPR becoming endemic in animal populations in the EU; (vi) assess the impact PPR would have if it were to enter the EU, considering different scenarios as regards the effectiveness of surveillance and control measures; and (vii) review the feasibility, availability and effectiveness of the main disease prevention and control measures (diagnostic tools, biosecurity measures, restrictions on movement, culling). © EuropeanRegarding disease characterisation, the AHAW Panel reported that PPR is a severe viral disease of small ruminants caused by a Morbillivirus closely related to rinderpest virus. It is widespread in Africa, the Middle East and Southern Asia. It is one of the priority animal diseases wh...

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“…PPR is frequently confused with other diseases that present fever and grossly similar clinical signs, especially when it is newly introduced. The disease with similar signs for differential diagnosis are Bluetongue (BT), Contagious ecthyma (Orf), Foot and mouth disease (FMD), Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), Pasteurellosis etc., Sometimes, mixed infection of PPR and goat pox or sheep pox or Orf or BT occurs [88,93,119]. Earlier, a mixed viral infection of PPR and adenovirus was also confirmed in goats in separate outbreaks in Nigeria [59].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and control of peste des petits ruminants: a comprehensive review

Balamurugan¹,

Hemadri²,

Gajendragad³

et al. 2013

VirusDis.

135

118

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, highly contagious, world organization for animal health (OIE) notifiable and economically important transboundary viral disease of sheep and goats associated with high morbidity and mortality and caused by PPR virus. PPR is considered as one of the main constraints in augmenting the productivity of small ruminants in developing countries and particularly severely affects poor farmer's economy. The disease is clinically manifested by pyrexia, oculo-nasal discharges, necrotizing and erosive stomatitis, gastroenteritis, diarrhoea and bronchopneumonia. The disease can be diagnosed from its clinical signs, pathological lesions, and specific detection of virus antigen/antibodies/genome in the clinical samples by various serological tests and molecular assays. PPR is the one of the priority animal diseases whose control is considered important for poverty alleviation in enzootic countries. Availability of effective and safe live attenuated cell culture PPR vaccines and diagnostics have boosted the recently launched centrally sponsored control programme in India and also in other countries. This review article primarily focus on the current scenario of PPR diagnosis and its control programme with advancement of research areas that have taken place in the recent years with future perspectives.

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Evidence of mixed infection of peste des petits ruminants virus and bluetongue virus in a flock of goats as confirmed by detection of antigen, antibody and nucleic acid of both the viruses

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Purification of infective bluetongue virus particles by immuno-affinity chromatography using anti-core antibody

Purification of infective bluetongue virus particles by immuno-affinity chromatography using anti-core antibody

Scientific Opinion on peste des petits ruminants

Diagnosis and control of peste des petits ruminants: a comprehensive review

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