Evidence of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mi>He</mml:mi></mml:math>Crystallization via Quantum Tunneling at mK Temperatures

Ruutu, J. P.; Hakonen, Pertti; Penttilä, Jari; Бабкин, А. В.; Saramäki, Jari; Sonin, É. B.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.77.2514

Phys. Rev. Lett.

1996

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.2514

|View full text |Cite

Evidence of4HeCrystallization via Quantum Tunneling at mK Temperatures

J. P. Ruutu¹,

Pertti Hakonen²,

Jari Penttilä³

et al.

Abstract: We have investigated creation of 4 He crystals from the superfluid phase at the temperature range 2 mK -1.0 K. Statistical nucleation-event distributions in overpressure were found to be broad, asymmetric, and temperature independent below 100 mK. Our statistical analysis agrees with a theoretical model suggesting that solid formation is driven by macroscopical quantum-mechanical fluctuations from a seed preexisting in a cavity on the wall. [S0031-9007(96)

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...

Citation Types

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Year Published

2004

2017

Publication Types

Select...

Article7

Relationship

Self Cite1

Independent6

Authors

Journals

Cited by 45 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…One can also notice that the efficiency of a generation of the waves decreases with increasing frequency F, probably due to the limited growth rate of 4 He crystals. [22][23][24] As seen from Fig. 3(b), the resolution of this measurement scheme is about 1 Å .…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Quartz tuning fork as a probe of surface oscillations

Todoshchenko

Savin

Haataja

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Quartz tuning forks are high-quality mechanical oscillators widely used in low temperature physics as viscometers, thermometers and pressure sensors. We demonstrate that a fork placed in liquid helium near the surface of solid helium is very sensitive to the oscillations of the solid-liquid interface. We developed a doubleresonance read-out technique which allowed us to detect oscillations of the surface with an accuracy of 1 Å in 10 sec. Using this technique we have investigated crystallization waves in 4 He down to 10 mK. In contrast to previous studies of crystallization waves, our measurement scheme has very low dissipation, on the order of 20 pW, which allows us to carry out experiments even at sub-mK temperatures. We propose to use this scheme in the search for crystallization waves in 3 He, which exist only at temperatures well below 0.5 mK.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Quartz tuning fork as a probe of surface oscillations

Todoshchenko

Savin

Haataja

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…But details of the physical process of that crystallization remain unclear due to the complicated processes in the natural materials. Crystallization of superfluid 4 He in a porous material is expected to be free from such complications as the viscous mass flows in pores and release of latent heat. It is therefore suitable for use in unveiling the nature of crystallization in porous media.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore suitable for use in unveiling the nature of crystallization in porous media. Furthermore, novel quantum phenomena are expected to take place in 4 He at very low temperatures. In classical materials, nucleation of a stable phase occurs via the thermal activation at high temperatures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In classical materials, nucleation of a stable phase occurs via the thermal activation at high temperatures. In condensed phases of He, the thermal activation ceases and a quantum tunneling plays a role in the nucleation at a low enough temperature [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nucleation of a 4 He crystal in bulk superfluid usually takes place at a small overpressure, 10 mbar at most, on a wall. It is a heterogeneous nucleation, which is closely related to the depinning of a 4 He crystal pinned at that site on the wall [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Thermal and quantum nucleation of4He crystals in aerogel

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nucleation of crystals and superfluid droplets in ⁴ He by heat pulse

Ogasawara

Abe

Saitoh

et al. 2004

phys. stat. sol. (c)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Both nucleation of a4 He crystal in superfluid and that of a 4 He superfluid droplet in crystal were found to be induced by a heat pulse at the melting pressure. The time evolutions of nucleation on a heater were directly recorded by a high-speed camera. Duration of the heat pulse was usually 2 msec in this report. The nucleated crystal grew with facets for 4 msec and melted with an irregular shape in 40 msec at 500 mK. The nucleated superfluid droplet in crystal also grew with facets, which was a so-called negative crystal, and disappeared in 10 msec. Introduction Crystal-superfluid transition in4 He is an example of the first order phase transition at very low temperatures where the thermal fluctuations are much smaller than the energy barrier for nucleation of the stable phase. In such a temperature region, nucleation through macroscopic quantum tunneling was theoretically predicted by Kagan and Lifshitz [1]. Nucleation of the 4 He crystal has been studied extensively using several kinds of driving forces. Application of hydrostatic pressure and electric field can induce the nucleation of a 4 He crystal in metastable superfluid with a typical overpressure of 5 mbar above the melting pressure [2][3][4][5]. An overpressure of about 5 bar was achieved by focused sound at the focusing spot on a clean glass plate and nucleation was realized [6]. We recently demonstrated that an acoustic wave can induce both nucleation of a 4 He crystal in superfluid and that of a superfluid droplet in crystal at melting pressure [7,8]. We attributed this reversible nucleation to the acoustic radiation pressure.However, it is not known whether or not a heat pulse can nucleate a crystal in 4 He. In case of 3 He which has a large negative slope of the melting curve below 300 mK, heat pulses have been used to nucleate a crystal of the nuclear spin ordered phase from metastable superfluid B-phase at ultra low temperatures [9,10,11]. Warming by the heat pulse with constant pressure resulted in the overpressure of the system and the crystal was nucleated. The melting curve of 4 He has a much smaller negative slope; minimum of the melting curve exists at 775 mK and the melting pressure increases about 8 mbar with cooling [12]. Slight heating of the system in 4 He causes only a small overpressure and it has never been regarded as an effective driving force. However, we did observe not only nucleation of 4 He crystals in a superfluid but also nucleation of superfluid droplets in a crystal by heat pulse as in the case of acoustic waves. Heat pulse nucleation is nucleation under a steady heat current and it is very interesting to study the nucleation in such a non-equilibrium condition. We report high-speed images of the nucleation of 4 He crystals and superfluid droplets in this paper.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

Evidence of4HeCrystallization via Quantum Tunneling at mK Temperatures

Cited by 45 publications

References 15 publications

Quartz tuning fork as a probe of surface oscillations

Quartz tuning fork as a probe of surface oscillations

Thermal and quantum nucleation of4He crystals in aerogel

Nucleation of crystals and superfluid droplets in ⁴ He by heat pulse

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Evidence of4HeCrystallization via Quantum Tunneling at mK Temperatures

Cited by 45 publications

References 15 publications

Quartz tuning fork as a probe of surface oscillations

Quartz tuning fork as a probe of surface oscillations

Thermal and quantum nucleation of4He crystals in aerogel

Nucleation of crystals and superfluid droplets in 4 He by heat pulse

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Nucleation of crystals and superfluid droplets in ⁴ He by heat pulse