Evidence of Oropharyngeal Dysfunction in Feeding in the Rat Rotenone Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Gould, François D. H.; Gross, Andrew; German, Rebecca Z.; Richardson, Jason R.

doi:10.1155/2018/6537072

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Table 1 summarizes the characteristics of oropharyngeal dysphagia that were observed in PD rodent models. All of the eight articles used rats as the animal model [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. In most of the articles, rats aged 9 months or younger were used [ 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], and the age of rats was not presented in one article [ 13 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of the eight articles used rats as the animal model [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. In most of the articles, rats aged 9 months or younger were used [ 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], and the age of rats was not presented in one article [ 13 ]. Among the eight articles, male rats were used in five articles [ 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 17 ], male and female rats in one article [ 18 ], and the gender of rats was not mentioned in two articles [ 13 , 16 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Models in Rodents

Kim

2021

IJERPH

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Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a condition characterized by swallowing difficulty in the mouth and pharynx, which can be due to various factors. Animal models of oropharyngeal dysphagia are essential to confirm the cause-specific symptoms, pathological findings, and the effect of treatment. Recently, various animal models of dysphagia have been reported. The purpose of this review is to organize the rodent models of oropharyngeal dysphagia reported to date. The articles were obtained from Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane library, and selected following the PRISMA guideline. The animal models in which oropharyngeal dysphagia was induced in rats or mice were selected and classified based on the diseases causing oropharyngeal dysphagia. The animal used, method of inducing dysphagia, and screening methods and results were collected from the selected 37 articles. Various rodent models of oropharyngeal dysphagia provide distinctive information on atypical swallowing. Applying and analyzing the treatment in rodent models of dysphagia induced from various causes is an essential process to develop symptom-specific treatments. Therefore, the results of this study provide fundamental and important data for selecting appropriate animal models to study dysphagia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Models in Rodents

Kim

2021

IJERPH

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“…Indeed, the literature on animal models of neurological disorders increasingly combines attempts to model the complete disorder with targeted approaches seeking to reproduce a particular part of the neurological disorder to test hypotheses about pathophysiology (42). In our own work, we are currently working on steps to test interventions in infant pigs based on what we have learnt through the systematic analysis of the relationship between specific nerve lesions, pathophysiology, and dysphagic outcomes (43,44). In order to build this systematic understanding of the relationship between specific neural insults, pathophysiology, and dysphagia in a context that will ultimately improve human health, collaborations between clinical researchers, human physiologists, and animal model workers are essential.…”

Section: A Better Etiology Of Dysphagia Is Needed One That Is Based mentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Vagus Nerve Lesion Have Distinctive Physiologic Mechanisms of Dysphagia

et al. 2019

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Swallowing is complex at anatomical, functional, and neurological levels. The connections among these levels are poorly understood, yet they underpin mechanisms of swallowing pathology. The complexity of swallowing physiology means that multiple failure points may exist that lead to the same clinical diagnosis (e.g., aspiration). The superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) and the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) are branches of the vagus that innervate different structures involved in swallowing. Although they have distinct sensory fields, lesion of either nerve is associated clinically with increased aspiration. We tested the hypothesis that despite increased aspiration in both case, oropharyngeal kinematic changes and their relationship to aspiration would be different in RLN and SLN lesioned infant pigs. We compared movements of the tongue and epiglottis in swallows before and after either RLN or SLN lesion. We rated swallows for airway protection. Posterior tongue ratio of safe swallows changed in RLN (p = 0.01) but not SLN lesioned animals. Unsafe swallows post lesion had different posterior tongue ratios in RLN and SLN lesioned animals. Duration of epiglottal inversion shortened after lesion in SLN animals (p = 0.02) but remained unchanged in RLN animals. Thus, although SLN and RLN lesion lead to the same clinical outcome (increased aspiration), the mechanisms of failure of airway protection are different, which suggests that effective therapies may be different with each injury. Understanding the specific pathophysiology of swallowing associated with specific neural insults will help develop targeted, disease appropriate treatments.

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“…www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ 1 inhibition64,65 , MG132 (0.1 µM and 0.5 µM) inducing proteasome inhibition66 and BSO (2.0 mM),a glutamylcysteine synthetase inhibitor, to reduce glutathione levels67 . These were incubated under normal conditions for…”

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confidence: 99%

A co-culture nanofibre scaffold model of neural cell degeneration in relevance to Parkinson’s disease

Chemmarappally

Pegram

Abeywickrama

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Current therapeutic strategies for Parkinson's disease (PD) aim to delay progression or replace damaged neurons by restoring the original neuronal structures. The poor regenerative capacity of neural tissue highlights the need for the development of cellular environments to model the pathogenesis of PD. In the current work, we have characterised the growth, survival and response to PD mimetics of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma and U-87MG glioblastoma cell lines cultured on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and Jeffamine ® doped polyacrylonitrile (PJ) nano-scaffolds. Differentiation induced by a range of agents was evaluated by immunoassays of neural protein biomarkers. PAN and PJ nanofibre scaffolds provided suitable three-dimensional (3D) environment to support the growth, differentiation and network formation of dopaminergic neuron-and astrocyte-like cell populations, respectively. The scaffolds selectively supported the survival and differentiation of both cell populations with prolonged neuronal survival when exposed to PD mimetics in the presence of astrocytes in a co-culture model. Such 3D nanoscaffold-based assays could aid our understanding of the molecular basis of PD mimetic-induced Parkinsonism and the discovery of neuroprotective agents. Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is caused by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain and affects 1-2% of the population over 65 years of age 1. Cells of the substantia nigra produce the neurotransmitter dopamine to control and coordinate motor functions. Their loss results in Parkinsonism, which manifests itself as muscle rigidity, tremors, slowness and difficulty in controlling movement 2. Despite the prevalence of PD and the substantial efforts in studying disease pathogenesis, very limited disease-modifying agents exist. Current strategies only delay disease progression while novel proposed approaches attempt to reverse dopaminergic neuronal loss by implantation of human embryonic stem cells to restore neuronal architecture and promote neurite regeneration 3,4. The development of new treatments is hampered by the scarcity of suitable in vitro models to screen potential drug candidates. Neuron and astrocyte based cell models have been used to study neurodegenerative disease and CNS injuries. Neurons are carriers of electrochemical signals to the striatum that facilitates movement and these dopaminergic neurons are supported by the lowest number of astrocytes for any brain region, and hence vulnerable 5. In fact, astrocytes are critical in the modulation of the neurotoxic effects of many inhibitors that induce experimental Parkinsonism and can invoke a neurotoxic to neurotrophic response. Indeed, astrocytes harbour an effective neuroprotective arsenal that includes neurotrophic factors and anti-oxidative stress molecules 6,7. An intimate relationship exists between neurons and glia following response to injury. For example, during conditions of oxidative stress, neurons can utilise secreted astrocyte derived antioxi...

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Evidence of Oropharyngeal Dysfunction in Feeding in the Rat Rotenone Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

A Systematic Review of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Models in Rodents

A Systematic Review of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Models in Rodents

Specific Vagus Nerve Lesion Have Distinctive Physiologic Mechanisms of Dysphagia

A co-culture nanofibre scaffold model of neural cell degeneration in relevance to Parkinson’s disease

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