Evidence of otitis media and mastoiditis in a Medieval Islamic skeleton from Spain and possible implications for ancient surgical treatment of the condition

Olivé-Busom, Júlia; López-Costas, Olalla; Quer, Miquel; Márquez‐Grant, Nicholas; Kirchner, Helena

doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2020.10.009

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 46 publications

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“…It is estimated that bacterial infections of the middle ears, acute otitis media, affect 80% of the human population, usually at some point in their early lives ( Bluestone and Doyle, 1988 ; Alsarraf et al., 1999 ; Monasta et al., 2012 ; Vos et al., 2016 ; Liese et al., 2014 ; DeAntonio et al., 2016 ; Tong et al., 2018 ). Yet despite its prevalence and a long history of human affliction ( Goycoolea et al., 2019 ; Olivé-Busom et al., 2021 ), the disease has been difficult to study. A large number of these infections are caused by nasopharyngeal pathobionts that reach and colonize the middle ear via the Eustachian tube often during viral co-infections ( Bluestone et al., 1992 ; Soriano, 1997 ; Marom et al., 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Immune-Mediated Clearance of Acute Middle Ear Infection in Mice

Dewan

Sedney

Caulfield

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Acute otitis media (AOM) is commonly caused by bacterial pathobionts of the nasopharynx that ascend the Eustachian tube to cause disease in the middle ears. To model and study the various complexities of AOM, common human otopathogens are injected directly into the middle ear bullae of rodents or are delivered with viral co-infections which contribute to the access to the middle ears in complex and partially understood ways. Here, we present the novel observation that Bordetella bronchiseptica, a well-characterized respiratory commensal/pathogen of mice, also efficiently ascends their Eustachian tubes to colonize their middle ears, providing a flexible mouse model to study naturally occurring AOM. Mice lacking T and/or B cells failed to resolve infections, highlighting the cooperative role of both in clearing middle ear infection. Adoptively transferred antibodies provided complete protection to the lungs but only partially protected the middle ears, highlighting the differences between respiratory and otoimmunology. We present this as a novel experimental system that can capitalize on the strengths of the mouse model to dissect the molecular mechanisms involved in the generation and function of immunity within the middle ear.

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