Evidence of the dual innervation of the cat stomach by the vagal dorsal motor and medial solitary nuclei as demonstrated by the horseradish peroxidase method

Observations on the Connectivity of the Parvicellular Reticular Formation with Respect to a Vomiting Center

“…There are neither dis tinct segregated motor (X) or sensory (Sol) 'gastric' areas in either visceral cell col umn [Kalia and Mesulam, 1980b]. Previ ous HRP studies of the subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve in the cat [Yamamoto et al, 1977] and rat [Dennison et al, 1981] de monstrated the same longitudinal disper sion of labeled X cells that Kalia and Me sulam [1980a, b] found after HRP injec tions of the cardiac end of the stomach but neither of the other authors reported any rostral nucleus ambiguus (Am) or caudal retroambigualis nucleus (RAm) cell label ing described by Kalia and Mesulam [1980a, b], On the other hand, both of these other studies described caudal, medi al solitary nuclei cell labeling not recorded as such by Kalia and Mesulam [1980a,b] who regard these cells in the medial Sol as showing extraperikaryal labeling resulting from transganglionic transport of HRP [Kalia and Mesulam, 1980b] or belonging to a commissural-like nucleus dorsomedialis that Dennison et al [1981] also recog nized and found to contain labeled cells in the first six cervical levels. Hinrichsen and Ryan [1981] draw attention to the fact that RAm is continuous with the spinal gray column supplying the intercostal muscles which, like the diaphragm, are brought in to play in the neurological crescendo of emesis.…”

“…We can find no data on esophageal vagal or Amc efferent cell loci but such a study should be most interest ing to compare since the upper esophagus is composed of striated muscle and the lower, supradiaphragmatic portion, smooth muscle. Although, Yamamoto et al [1977] did not report labeled cells in the Amc of the cat (HRP/DAB) after stomach wall injections; Kalia and Mesulam [1980b] did find some in the rostral part of Amc utilizing the TMB chromagen [Mesu lam, 1978] and throughout the caudal three-fourths of the nucleus retroambigualis (RAm), an important new finding. The rostral one-fourth of RAm contains re spiratory cells [see Mitchell and Berger, 1981],…”

The Vagal and Spinal Innervation of the Gastro‐duodenal Junction of Sheep

“…Micro-injections of HRP, either into alimentary nerves or into the wall of a viscus, have been used in other species which include the rat, monkey, cat and guinea-pig. The HRP technique has been used to determine neuronal projections of afferent neurones of the oesophagus (Clerc, 1983) and duodenum (El Ouazzani & Mei, 1978) with cell bodies in spinal thoracic and nodose ganglia, of brain-stem gastric motoneurones (Yamamoto, Satomi, Ise & Takahashi, 1977;Kalia & Mesulam, 1980;Elfvin & Lindh, 1982;Leslie, Gwyn & Hopkins, 1982;Ormsbee, Norman & Gillis, 1982;Takayama, Ishikawa & Miura, 1982;Norgren & Smith, 1983;Karim, Shaikh, Tan & Ismail, 1984;Shapiro & Miselis, 1985) and of intestinal preganglionic neurones (Satomi, Yamamoto, Ise & Takatama, 1978). We have used discrete micro-injections of cholera toxin-horseradish peroxidase (CT-HRP) at subserosal sites 1 cm above and below the gastro-duodenal junction of sheep.…”

Gastric secretion provoked by functional cytoglucopoenia in the nuclei of the solitary tract in the cat.

“…In the cat such kind of connections have also been reported (Loewy & Burton, 1978). In this context attention should be drawn to the direct efferent pathways between the nuclei of the solitary tract and the stomach, in addition to the dorsal vagal nucleus outflow, as demonstrated in the cat by transport of horseradish peroxidase injected in several areas of the gastric wall (Yamamoto, Satomi, Ise & Takahashi, 1977). Inasmuch as the vagal efferents were very sensitive to mechanical stimulation, failure of the solitary nuclei efferents to the stomach in responding to the same type of stimulus is suggestive that they do not innervate the gastric glands.…”