Evidence or no evidence for essential fatty acids in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders?

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect social communication, behavior, and sensory processing, in which PUFAs are considered important. This mini-review article aims to investigate the current evidence regarding the use of essential fatty acids (EFAs) in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The study examines various research studies, related to EFAs, their benefits, and their role in ASD treatment. The article focuses on exploring the potential mechanisms underlying the effects of EFAs on ASDs, including their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. Furthermore, the study discusses limitations and challenges associated with the use of EFAs in ASD treatment, including variability in dosage and duration of treatment. The results of this review indicate that while some studies suggest a positive effect of EFAs on ASD symptoms, there is currently insufficient evidence to support their routine use as a stand-alone treatment for ASD. The need for further research to better understand the potential benefits and limitations of EFAs in ASD treatment is highlighted.

Nutritional Quality Implications: Exploring the Impact of a Fatty Acid-Rich Diet on Central Nervous System Development

“…Similar conclusions were drawn in two systematic reviews by James et al [173] and Horvath et al [174]. Bozzatello et al [175], Veselinovic et al [176], and Pancheva et al [177] drew attention to the fact that clinical studies that have evaluated the effects of omega-3 FAs on the symptoms of autism are highly contrasting. According to a review by Bozzatello et al [175], four trials out of eight supported their beneficial role, whereas four did not indicate any significant clinical improvement.…”

“…Furthermore, baseline levels of FAs in the blood are predictive factors for clinical response to omega-3 supplementation [175]. According to a review by Pancheva et al [177], 7 out of 12 trials revealed that omega-3, omega-6, and/or omega-9 FAs may have therapeutic potential in autistic spectrum disorder when administered for several weeks. Positive changes in pediatric patients were noted in relation to sleep, behavioral and verbal activity, social communication, and motivation [177].…”

“…According to a review by Pancheva et al [177], 7 out of 12 trials revealed that omega-3, omega-6, and/or omega-9 FAs may have therapeutic potential in autistic spectrum disorder when administered for several weeks. Positive changes in pediatric patients were noted in relation to sleep, behavioral and verbal activity, social communication, and motivation [177]. Jiang and colleagues [178], who reviewed 10 studies evaluating effects of omega-3 supplementation in people with autistic spectrum disorder, indicated that only some of them gave evidence that the supplementation improved core symptoms of autism.…”