Evidence pertaining to modifiable risk factors for oral diseases: an umbrella review to Inform oral health messages for Australia

Abstract

The aim of this umbrella review was to collate and appraise the evidence base regarding modifiable risk factors for the prevention of oral diseases to inform the update of the Oral Health Messages for Australia. Eleven questions related to modifiable risk factors and dental disease were investigated. Electronic databases (Medline, Embase and PubMed) were searched from January 2010 to October 2022. Systematic reviews evaluating interventions/exposures in healthy subjects from high‐income countries, where Westernized practices, oral health promotion and healthcare systems are similar to Australia, were included. Quality appraisal of included systematic reviews was guided by the AMSTAR tool. Of the 3637 articles identified, 29 articles met eligibility criteria. High‐quality systematic reviews were identified for questions relating to diet, infant feeding, dental check‐ups and oral hygiene. Free sugars consumption above 5% of energy intake, infrequent toothbrushing, smoking/vaping and alcohol intake were consistently associated with poorer oral health outcomes. Breastfeeding up to the age of 24 months was not associated with an increased risk of early childhood caries. The use of interdental cleaning devices and mouthguards during contact sports are likely to be effective in preventing dental disease.

Oral health messages for Australia: A national consensus statement

“…The aim of the preparatory phase was to draft an initial list of oral health messages to be included in the Delphi voting process. The preparatory phase included public and expert consultation, an umbrella review of published scientific literature 6 and review of available recommendations, policies and guidelines. 7 Based on the preparatory stage, the advisory committee developed a set of messages for the Delphi voting stage.…”

A Qualitative Study of Preschool Children’s Perspectives on an Oral Health Promotion Program in New South Wales, Australia

“…Despite the complex etiology, it is pertinent to note that dental caries is preventable [13]. To effectively prevent dental caries in children, it is recommended to brush twice daily with an age-appropriate fluoridated toothpaste, consume a low-sugar diet, and schedule regular dental check-ups [14][15][16]. In addition, programs focused on oral health promotion have a substantial role in enhancing oral health knowledge and awareness among both children and parents [17].…”