Evidence that the wider social environment moderates the association between familial liability and psychosis spectrum outcome

Drukker, Marjan; Alptekın, Köksal; Elbi, Hayriye; Tanık, Feride Aksu; Özkınay, Ferda; Önay, Hüseyin; Zağlı, Nesli; Os, Jim van

doi:10.1017/s0033291712000700

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The most deprived neighbourhoods in the study had greater than double the rate of psychosis compared to the least deprived neighbourhoods (incidence rate ratio: 2.11; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.34, 3.32), after accounting for individual confounders that included ethnicity and occupational socioeconomic status. Secondly, neighbourhood variation in UHR would accord with emerging evidence that neighbourhood variation predicts general population sub-clinical psychotic experiences ( Binbay et al, 2012 , Das-Munshi et al, 2012 , Schofield et al, 2016 ). Explanatory factors for this association include ethnic density ( Boydell et al, 2001 ), social fragmentation ( Kirkbride et al, 2008 , Kirkbride et al, 2012 ), and neighbourhood deprivation ( Bhavsar et al, 2014 , O'Donoghue et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Neighbourhood deprivation is positively associated with detection of the ultra-high risk (UHR) state for psychosis in South East London

Bhavsar

Fusar‐Poli

McGuire

2018

Schizophrenia Research

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BackgroundIndividuals are defined as being at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis based on a combination of attenuated psychotic symptoms, help-seeking behaviour, genetic risk, and social/occupational deterioration. Limited evidence is available on whether UHR detection differs by neighbourhood, and potential explanations.AimsTo examine neighbourhood distribution of detected UHR using cases from the OASIS service in South East London, investigating neighbourhood deprivation as an explanatory variable.MethodsGeographic data were collected on patients who met UHR criteria over a fourteen-year period, at the neighbourhood (lower super output area, LSOA) level. Rates were calculated based on cases and age-specific population estimates. Poisson regression assessed associations between UHR rate and neighbourhood deprivation, and with particular deprivation domains, adjusting for referrals for UHR assessment, population density, and proportions of non-White people, and young single people.ResultsRate of UHR detection was statistically related to neighbourhood deprivation, but referral rate was not: compared to the least deprived neighbourhoods, the most deprived neighbourhoods had a greater than two-fold increase in incidence rate of detected UHR (adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR): 2.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21,3.67). In contrast, a small, imprecise association was observed for referral for assessment for UHR (adjusted IRR: 1.26 (95%CI: 0.84,1.89)). Evidence was also found for associations of UHR detection rate with domains of deprivation pertaining to health and barriers to services.ConclusionsThe distribution of UHR detection rates by neighbourhood is not random and may be explained in part by differences in the social environment between neighbourhoods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Neighbourhood deprivation is positively associated with detection of the ultra-high risk (UHR) state for psychosis in South East London

Bhavsar

Fusar‐Poli

McGuire

2018

Schizophrenia Research

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“…46 A comparison of informal social control in neighborhoods in Turkish and Dutch cities showed informal social control was higher in Turkish cities than in Dutch cities. 47 Therefore, it would be expected that in Turkish adolescents, informal social control would be positively associated with PAP. However, this was not observed in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of various social capital indicators and physical activity participation among Turkish adolescents

Yıldızer

Bılgın

Korur

et al. 2018

Journal of Sport and Health Science

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BackgroundPhysical activity participation (PAP) has been proven to improve health and promote optimal growth among adolescents. However, most adolescents do not meet the current physical activity (PA) recommendations in Turkey. The role of the social environment and social factors on PAP is being increasingly recognized. Although social capital (SC) indicators have been examined in high-income countries, there are few studies on developing countries. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between SC indicators and PAP among Turkish adolescents.MethodsA survey was conducted among 19 high schools in 4 different cities in Turkey in 2016. A total of 506 female and 729 male high school students participated in this study. The dependent variable was overall PAP, which was measured using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The independent variables included self-perceived family, neighborhood, and school SC. Self-rated health and obesity status, measured by body mass index, were other study covariates in multiple binary logistic regression models. Chi-square tests were used to assess the differences between genders.ResultsPAP levels were significantly different between males and females. A higher percentage of males reported PAP (77.4%) compared to females (51.0%). Among males, teacher–student interpersonal trust and informal social control were inversely associated with PAP, while high students interpersonal trust was positively associated with increased odds of PAP. For females, students interpersonal trust was inversely associated with PAP.ConclusionVarious SC indicators are associated with PAP for males and females. These associations are different from findings of studies conducted in developed countries. Therefore, health-promotion interventions and policies should consider gender and different social agents on the social and cultural background to improve PAP among Turkish adolescents.

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“…In addition, factors in the wider social environment, such as neighborhood-level risk factors, were not included, and studies were not genetically sensitive, with a few notable exceptions (44–46). There is robust evidence that genetic and socioenvironmental factors, both at the individual and the neighborhood levels, interact with each other in the development and course of the psychosis spectrum (47, 48). To study gene-environment interactions when analyzing the development and course of the extended and transdiagnostic psychosis phenotype, simultaneous assessments of the genetic and the environmental factors both at the individual level and at the level of the wider social environment are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Izmir Mental Health Cohort for Gene-Environment Interaction in Psychosis (TürkSch): Assessment of the Extended and Transdiagnostic Psychosis Phenotype and Analysis of Attrition in a 6-Year Follow-Up of a Community-Based Sample

et al. 2019

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Objective: TürkSch is a prospective, longitudinal study in a representative community sample (İzmir, Turkey), consisting of several data collection stages, to screen and follow-up mental health outcomes, with a special focus on the extended and transdiagnostic psychosis phenotype. The aim of the present paper is to describe the research methodology, data collection results, and associations with noncontact and refusal in the longitudinal arm. Methods: Households were contacted in a multistage clustered probability sampling frame, covering 11 districts and 302 neighborhoods at baseline (n = 4,011) and at 6-year follow-up (n = 2,185). Both at baseline and at follow-up, participants were interviewed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Participants with probable psychotic disorder were reinterviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (SCID)-I either at the hospital or at the participant’s residence. Relevant neighborhood-level measures were assessed in a separate sample (n = 5,124) in addition to individual-level measures. Candidate gene-by-environment interactions were investigated using two nested case-control studies. Results: Individuals with a mental health problem had lower refusal rates. Older and lower educated individuals had a lower probability of noncontact. Discussion: The TürkSch study has an advanced design to meet the challenges of evaluating the multidimensional etiological and phenomenological nature of the extended and transdiagnostic psychosis phenotype.

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Evidence that the wider social environment moderates the association between familial liability and psychosis spectrum outcome

Abstract: Contextual effects may be important in moderating the expression of psychosis liability in populations, representing a specific pathway independent of the link between common mental disorder and psychosis.

Cited by 31 publications

References 47 publications

Neighbourhood deprivation is positively associated with detection of the ultra-high risk (UHR) state for psychosis in South East London

Neighbourhood deprivation is positively associated with detection of the ultra-high risk (UHR) state for psychosis in South East London

The association of various social capital indicators and physical activity participation among Turkish adolescents

Izmir Mental Health Cohort for Gene-Environment Interaction in Psychosis (TürkSch): Assessment of the Extended and Transdiagnostic Psychosis Phenotype and Analysis of Attrition in a 6-Year Follow-Up of a Community-Based Sample

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