Evidence to Action: Translating Innovations in Management of Child and Adolescent TB into Routine Practice in High-Burden Countries

Abstract

Child and adolescent tuberculosis (TB) has been long neglected by TB programs but there have been substantive strides in prioritizing TB among these populations in the past two decades. Yet, gaps remain in translating evidence and policy to action at the primary care level, ensuring access to novel tools and approaches to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention for children and adolescents at risk of TB disease. This article describes the progress that has been made and the gaps that remain in addressing TB among children and adolescents while also highlighting pragmatic approaches and the role of multisectoral partnerships in facilitating integration of innovations into routine program practice.

TB preventive therapy preferences among children and adolescents

“… 30 In contrast to caregiver and adolescents’ preferences for clinic-based care in our study, several studies report higher adherence rates when TPT is delivered at the community- or household-level. 31 , 32 Although shorter preventive therapy, including 3HP, 3HR and 1HP, have been proven efficacious in children, attention to the development of formulations that align with children’s preferences – including taste-masking, and reducing the number and size of pills (and dispersible formulations for very young children) for these regimens – is still lagging, 22 , 33 – 35 as are the implications on effectiveness if doses are missed or shared among household members.…”

Pediatric Tuberculosis: A Review of Evidence-Based Best Practices for Clinicians and Health Care Providers

“…Despite substantial progress, gaps in TB care for children still exist, including in both implementation and research, although efforts continue to tackle and address these gaps. A recent monograph focuses on some of the key gaps and implementation challenges in TB care for children and adolescents, outlines the critical role of multisectoral partnerships, and discusses and provides examples of facilitating integration of innovations into routine programs [148]. Research and development specifically for children has led to an increasingly rich pipeline of new tools and methods to address gaps in TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as rich data from recently developed collaborative research platforms and multinational trials that evaluate impact in a range of diverse settings (e.g., SHINE [32], TB-Speed [149], RaPaed-TB [150], and TB CONTACT [151]).…”

“…Despite substantial progress, gaps in TB care for children still exist, including in both implementation and research, although efforts continue to tackle and address these gaps. A recent monograph focuses on some of the key gaps and implementation challenges in TB care for children and adolescents, outlines the critical role of multisectoral partnerships, and discusses and provides examples of facilitating integration of innovations into routine programs [ 148 ].…”

Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Investigasi Kontak Kasus Tuberkulosis Di Kabupaten Tulungagung, Provinsi Jawa Timur

“…Hasil studi terhadap beberapa literatur menyebutkan bahwa pelaksanaan investigasi pada kontak serumah turut menyumbang angka dalam penemuan kasus tuberkulosis pada anak (Putri et al, 2022). Hal ini didukung oleh penelitian yang menyebutkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan proporsi kasus tuberkulosis anak menjadi 15% per triwulan setelah pelaksanaan investigasi Kontak (Moore et al, 2022) Indikator ini menggambarkan jumlah kasus indeks TBC yang ditemukan dari hasil investigasi kontak diantara total penemuan semua kasus TBC yang ada di Kabupaten Tulungagung pada Tahun 2021 (Rahmadani et al, 2023). Capaian indikator tersebut dihitung berdasarkan rumus berikut :…”