Evidences from Clinical Trials in Down Syndrome: Diet, Exercise and Body Composition

Martínez‐Espinosa, Rosa María; Vila, María Dolores Molina; García-Galbis, Manuel Reig

doi:10.3390/ijerph17124294

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In DS, exercise improves sleep duration and sleep quality in obese subjects [ 43 , 53 ], which improves motor dysfunction and exercise tolerance [ 43 ]. Multidisciplinary weight loss interventions are also recommended for individuals with DS [ 54 ], but there are no sleep studies available that objectively assess the effect of weight loss on sleep apnea severity.…”

Section: Sleep Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Disorders in Adults with Down Syndrome

Giménez

Altuna

Blessing

et al. 2021

JCM

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Sleep disorders, despite being very frequent in adults with Down syndrome (DS), are often overlooked due to a lack of awareness by families and physicians and the absence of specific clinical sleep guidelines. Untreated sleep disorders have a negative impact on physical and mental health, behavior, and cognitive performance. Growing evidence suggests that sleep disruption may also accelerate the progression to symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in this population. It is therefore imperative to have a better understanding of the sleep disorders associated with DS in order to treat them, and in doing so, improve cognition and quality of life, and prevent related comorbidities. This paper reviews the current knowledge of the main sleep disorders in adults with DS, including evaluation and management. It highlights the existing gaps in knowledge and discusses future directions to achieve earlier diagnosis and better treatment of sleep disorders most frequently found in this population.

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Section: Sleep Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Disorders in Adults with Down Syndrome

Giménez

Altuna

Blessing

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…Mitigation of the skeletal muscle deficit of DS would have a strong impact on the quality of life of affected people (16). Physical exercise has been shown to be beneficial on several outcomes in human DS (17,18). In Ts65Dn mice, physical exercise has been shown to improve several neurologic characteristics (19)(20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative magnetic resonance characterization of the effect of physical training on skeletal muscle of the Ts65Dn mice, a model of Down syndrome

Cisterna¹,

Bontempi²,

Sobolev³

et al. 2022

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by muscle hypotonia and low muscle strength associated with motor dysfunction. Elucidation of the determinants of muscle weakness in DS would be relevant for therapeutic approaches aimed at treating/mitigating a physical disability with a strong impact on the quality of life in persons with DS. The Ts65Dn mice is a recognized mouse model of DS, with trisomic mice presenting gross motor and muscle phenotypes. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of physical exercise, a well-known tool to improve skeletal muscle condition, in the hindlimbs of trisomic and euploid male mice using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) metabolomics and histological fiber typing were used to further characterize the post-exercise muscle.Quantitative MRI showed not significantly different amounts of skeletal muscle in proximal hindlimbs in trisomic and euploid mice both at baseline and after physical exercise (P>0.05). Similar results were obtained for hindlimbs subfascia adipose tissue, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (P>0.05). MRS showed lower amounts of exercise-related metabolites (valine, isoleucine, leucine) in euploid vs. trisomic mice after exercise (P≤0.05). The percentage of slow-twitch fibers was similar in the two genotypes (P>0.05). We conclude that in DS adapted physical exercise (one month of training) does not induce quantitative changes in skeletal muscle or fiber type composition therein; however, the metabolic response of skeletal muscle to exercise may be affected by trisomy. These findings prompt further research investigating the role of physical exercise as a cue to clarify the mechanisms of the muscular deficit found in DS.

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“…DS is marked by growth, developmental, and learning delays that vary from mild to severe, and by precocious aging. 46 With increases in the survival rates of people with DS, there are now more adults with DS in their fourth to sixth decades of life, and the number of individuals with DS older than 50 years of age is predicted to increase significantly in the coming years. 5 Adults with DS demonstrate precocious aging, often beginning in their 50s and with advancing age present with a high risk for dementia linked to AD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining older adults with neuroatypical conditions for MCI/dementia: Barriers and recommendations of the Neuroatypical Conditions Expert Consultative Panel

Janicki

Hendrix²,

McCallion

2022

Alz & Dem Diag Ass & Dis Mo

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The Neuroatypical Conditions Expert Consultative Panel composed of numerous clinical and academic experts was convened to examine barriers to the examination of cognitive impairment in adults with a variety of neuroatypical conditions. Neuroatypical conditions affect normative intellectual development and function (such as intellectual disability and intellectual disability with conjoint psychiatric conditions), thought, moods, and cognition (such as severe mental illness), communication functions (such as the autism spectrum and hearing/vision impairments), and brain and motor function (such as cerebral palsy and acquired or traumatic brain injury). The panel concluded that current federal guidance for the assessment of cognitive impairment for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia does not sufficiently include information as to how to assess such adults. In addition, it concluded that adults with these conditions (1) challenge clinicians when attempting to discern current behavior and function from that which was pre‐existing; (2) often have inherent comprehension and oral communication difficulties, motor task performance impediments, and difficulty with visuals; and (3) pose difficulties when assessed with standardized dementia measures and can benefit from the use of specialized instruments. The panel recommended that federal guidance be broadened to include adaptations of assessment practices to accommodate neuroatypical conditions; that educational packs be developed for clinicians about such conditions and on detecting and diagnosing MCI or dementia; and that research be expanded to produce more evidence‐based information on both assessing adults with neuroatypical conditions for later‐life adult cognitive diseases/disorders and planning post‐diagnostic care.

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Evidences from Clinical Trials in Down Syndrome: Diet, Exercise and Body Composition

Cited by 33 publications

References 45 publications

Sleep Disorders in Adults with Down Syndrome

Sleep Disorders in Adults with Down Syndrome

Quantitative magnetic resonance characterization of the effect of physical training on skeletal muscle of the Ts65Dn mice, a model of Down syndrome

Examining older adults with neuroatypical conditions for MCI/dementia: Barriers and recommendations of the Neuroatypical Conditions Expert Consultative Panel

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