“…As Balari and Lorenzo (2016, p. 4) point out, “[t]he task of disentangling the evolutionary origins of language suffers from the lack of a consensual view about what the evolved linguistic phenotype is supposed to be.” They argue that the theoretical positions differ along two coordinates: on the one hand, language is seen as “an external, socially shared code” – on the other hand, it is viewed as “a self-contained component of the human brain.” Thus, the issues of modularity and domain specificity are partly connected with the question of “what evolved,” as, e.g., Christiansen and Kirby (2003, p. 4) and Hurford (2012, p. 173) have framed one of the most crucial questions of language evolution research. However, the key disagreements are not necessarily about what belongs to the linguistic phenotype per se but rather about what components of language, if any, are specific to this particular cognitive “module.” Fitch (2017) summarizes the broadly shared view that language builds upon a broad array of mechanisms shared with other species, such as concepts and categories – which underlie semantics –, voluntary control over vocalization – which underlies phonology – or sequencing and working memory, which can be seen as underlying syntax.…”