Evoked Mechanical Responses of Isolated Cochlear Outer Hair Cells

Brownell, W. E.; Bader, CR; Bertrand, Daniel; Ribaupierre, Y. de

doi:10.1126/science.3966153

Cited by 1,706 publications

(918 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…To determine whether OHCs are functional in Mitf -mutant mice, we measured their characteristic voltage-dependent motor function [40,41]. Since NLC is regarded as an electrical signature of OHC motility [30,31], we measured NLC from homozygous Mitf -mutant OHCs from the apical turn at P21.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ of Corti and Stria Vascularis: Is there an Interdependence for Survival?

Liu

Chen

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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Cochlear hair cells and the stria vascularis are critical for normal hearing. Hair cells transduce mechanical stimuli into electrical signals, whereas the stria is responsible for generating the endocochlear potential (EP), which is the driving force for hair cell mechanotransduction. We questioned whether hair cells and the stria interdepend for survival by using two mouse models. Atoh1 conditional knockout mice, which lose all hair cells within four weeks after birth, were used to determine whether the absence of hair cells would affect function and survival of stria. We showed that stria morphology and EP remained normal for long time despite a complete loss of all hair cells. We then used a mouse model that has an abnormal stria morphology and function due to mutation of the Mitf gene to determine whether hair cells are able to survive and transduce sound signals without a normal electrochemical environment in the endolymph. A strial defect, reflected by missing intermediate cells in the stria and by reduction of EP, led to systematic outer hair cell death from the base to the apex after postnatal day 18. However, an 18-mV EP was sufficient for outer hair cell survival. Surprisingly, inner hair cell survival was less vulnerable to reduction of the EP. Our studies show that normal function of the stria is essential for adult outer hair cell survival, while the survival and normal function of the stria vascularis do not depend on functional hair cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ of Corti and Stria Vascularis: Is there an Interdependence for Survival?

Liu

Chen

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…However, a new animal model is needed to study how electric stimulus coding is modified by viable hair cells, which may occur through several possible mechanisms. a traveling wave, and normal excitation of nerve fibers by inner hair cell (IHC) activity (Brownell et al 1985;Nuttall and Ren 1995). As b responses can occur coincidently with a responses (van den Honert and Stypulkowski 1984), they could result in relatively complex temporal responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Excitation of the Acoustically Sensitive Auditory Nerve: Single-Fiber Responses to Electric Pulse Trains

Miller

Abbas

Robinson

et al. 2006

JARO

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Nearly all studies on auditory-nerve responses to electric stimuli have been conducted using chemically deafened animals so as to more realistically model the implanted human ear that has typically been profoundly deaf. However, clinical criteria for implantation have recently been relaxed. Ears with Bresidualâ coustic sensitivity are now being implanted, calling for the systematic evaluation of auditory-nerve responses to electric stimuli as well as combined electric and acoustic stimuli in acoustically sensitive ears. This article presents a systematic investigation of single-fiber responses to electric stimuli in acoustically sensitive ears. Responses to 250 pulse/s electric pulse trains were collected from 18 cats. Properties such as threshold, dynamic range, and jitter were found to differ from those of deaf ears. Other types of fiber activity observed in acoustically sensitive ears (i.e., spontaneous activity and electrophonic responses) were found to alter the temporal coding of electric stimuli. The electrophonic response, which was shown to greatly change the information encoded by spike intervals, also exhibited fast adaptation relative to that observed in the Bdirect^response to electric stimuli. More complex responses, such as Bbuildup^(increased responsiveness to successive pulses) and Bbursting^(alternating periods of responsiveness and unresponsiveness) were observed. Our findings suggest that bursting is a response unique to sustained electric stimulation in ears with functional hair cells.

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“…Outer hair cells (OHCs), which are sensory cells in the mammalian cochlea, are able to elongate and contract in length in response to changes in membrane potential (Brownell et al 1985;Kachar et al 1986;Ashmore 1987;Santos-Sacchi and Dilger 1988). This motility is believed to amplify the motion of the cochlear partition generated by acoustical stimula-tion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging by Atomic Force Microscopy of the Plasma Membrane of Prestin-Transfected Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

Murakoshi

Gomi

Iida

et al. 2006

JARO

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The high sensitivity of mammalian hearing is achieved by amplification of the motion of the cochlear partition. This cochlear amplification is thought to be generated by the elongation and contraction of outer hair cells (OHCs) in response to acoustical stimulation. This motility is made possible by a membrane protein embedded in the lateral membrane of OHCs. Although a fructose transporter, GLUT-5, was initially proposed to be this protein, a later study identified the gene of the motor protein distributed throughout the OHC plasma membrane. This protein has been named Bprestin.^However, although previous morphological studies by electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) found the lateral wall of OHCs to be covered with 10-nm particles, believed to be motor proteins, it is unknown whether such particles consist only of prestin or are a complex of GLUT-5 and prestin molecules. To determine if the 10-nm particles are indeed constituted only of prestin, plasma membranes of prestin-transfected and untransfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which do not express GLUT-5, were observed by AFM. First, the cells attached to a substrate were sonicated so that only the plasma membrane remained on the substrate. The cytoplasmic face of the cell was observed by the tapping mode of the AFM in liquid. As a result, particle-like structures were recognized on the plasma membranes of both the prestintransfected and untransfected CHO cells. Comparison of the difference in the frequency distribution of these structures between those two cells showed approximately 75% of the particle-like structures with a diameter of 8-12 nm in the prestin-transfected CHO cells to be possibly constituted only by prestin molecules. Our data suggest that the densely packed 10-nm particles observed on the OHC lateral wall are likely to be constituted only of prestin molecules.

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Evoked Mechanical Responses of Isolated Cochlear Outer Hair Cells

Cited by 1,706 publications

References 12 publications

Organ of Corti and Stria Vascularis: Is there an Interdependence for Survival?

Organ of Corti and Stria Vascularis: Is there an Interdependence for Survival?

Electrical Excitation of the Acoustically Sensitive Auditory Nerve: Single-Fiber Responses to Electric Pulse Trains

Imaging by Atomic Force Microscopy of the Plasma Membrane of Prestin-Transfected Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

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