Evoked spinal electrograms recorded from epidural space in man.

Spinal Cord Stimulation as a Tool f or Physiological Research

“…Indeed, even be fore the beginning of the clinical applications of epidurally placed electrodes for spinal cord stimulation, electrodes were put into the ep idural space through catethers placed for spinal cord blocks to record electrical events from the spinal cord [10,[18][19][20].…”

“…Shimoji et al [18][19][20] studied spinal cord potentials evoked by seg mental nerve stimulation as well as by ascending and descending val leys along the spinal cord in man. They recorded from the posterior epidural space at the cervical and lumbar enlargement levels, and re ported that it was easy to use such procedures in both patients and healthy volunteers.…”

“…Stimulation of peripheral nerves had previously been shown to re sult in recognizable responses recorded at the spinal cord [10,[18][19][20]. At least two types of potentials have been found, distinguishable in terms of their morphology and amplitude.…”

Convergence of flexor reflex and corticospinal inputs on tibialis anterior network in humans

“…With respect to timing, somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) following saphenous nerve stimulation have an onset latency of 36.8 ms, and subsequent potentials have latencies of 43.4 ms (P45), 54 ms (N55), and 66.7 ms (P70) (Eisen and Elleker, 1980), while their latency does not depend on the strength of stimulation (Gandevia et al, 1982). Further, the latency and duration of spinal cord potentials recorded from the subarachnoid space in humans following posterior tibial nerve stimulation at supramaximal intensities is 11 and 50 ms, respectively (Shimoji et al, 1972;Ertekin, 1976).…”

The Effects of Isoflurane on Conditioned Inhibition by Dorsal Column Stimulation

“…This laboratory has shown, in the rat spinal slice preparation, that substantia gelatinosa neurons in the dorsal horn play an important role in inhibitory sensory modulation by DCS (7). The inhibitory action by antidromic stimulation of primary afferent or by DCS can be demonstrated as a slow positive wave (P) of the spinal cord potential (SCP), similar to the segmentally evoked positive wave (P2) recorded from the dorsal spinal cord surface in animals (8 -10) and humans (11)(12)(13)(14)(15). The DCS from the posterior epidural space at upper spinal levels produces inhibition of the segmentally evoked negative wave (N1) and potentiation of the P2 wave after a transient inhibition in humans (16).…”