“…The term 'new literacies' (West, 2019) has arisen due to the rapid development of the internet and technology. It is associated with several other terms, such as digital literacy (Falloon, 2020;Pangrazio, Godhe, & Ledesma, 2020), literacy of the 21 st century (Van Laar et al, 2020), information literacy (Li, Chen, & Wang, 2021;Sample, 2020), internet literacy (Harrison, 2017;Soroya et al, 2021), media literacy (Kahne & Bowyer, 2019;Knaus, 2020), ICT literacy (Aydin, 2021;Park, Kim, & Park, 2021), web literacy (Keshavarz, 2020;Virtue, 2020), and computer literacy (Mitra & Dangwal, 2017;Tsai, Liang, & Hsu, 2020). These terms are rooted in the utilization of the internet and technology to find, use, and share information (Leu et al, 2017;McDougall, Readman, & Wilkinson, 2018;Van Laar et al, 2017).…”