Evolution, ecology and biochronology of herbivore associations in Europe during the last 3 million years

Brugal, Jean‐Philip; Croitor, Roman

doi:10.4000/quaternaire.1014

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…3, Table 3). According to Guérin [81], Agustí and Antón [64] and Brugal and Croitor [82], G. meneghini was a mixed feeder with a robust skeleton and short limbs adapted to locomotion on mountainous uneven areas similar to modern gorals from Asia. Fakhar-i-Abbas et al [83] studied the feeding preferences of the gray goral and found out that it relies mainly on grasses, although it can browse too; this is in agreement with our G. meneghini δ 13 C values situated towards the high cut-off for open woodland and mesic C 3 grassland.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Neogene and Early Quaternary Paleoenvironmental and Paleoclimatic Conditions in Southwestern Europe: Isotopic Analyses on Mammalian Taxa

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Climatic and environmental shifts have had profound impacts on faunal and floral assemblages globally since the end of the Miocene. We explore the regional expression of these fluctuations in southwestern Europe by constructing long-term records (from ∼11.1 to 0.8 Ma, late Miocene–middle Pleistocene) of carbon and oxygen isotope variations in tooth enamel of different large herbivorous mammals from Spain. Isotopic differences among taxa illuminate differences in ecological niches. The δ13C values (relative to VPDB, mean −10.3±1.1‰; range −13.0 to −7.4‰) are consistent with consumption of C3 vegetation; C4 plants did not contribute significantly to the diets of the selected taxa. When averaged by time interval to examine secular trends, δ13C values increase at ∼9.5 Ma (MN9–MN10), probably related to the Middle Vallesian Crisis when there was a replacement of vegetation adapted to more humid conditions by vegetation adapted to drier and more seasonal conditions, and resulting in the disappearance of forested mammalian fauna. The mean δ13C value drops significantly at ∼4.2−3.7 Ma (MN14–MN15) during the Pliocene Warm Period, which brought more humid conditions to Europe, and returns to higher δ13C values from ∼2.6 Ma onwards (MN16), most likely reflecting more arid conditions as a consequence of the onset of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation. The most notable feature in oxygen isotope records (and mean annual temperature reconstructed from these records) is a gradual drop between MN13 and the middle Pleistocene (∼6.3−0.8 Ma) most likely due to cooling associated with Northern Hemisphere glaciation.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Neogene and Early Quaternary Paleoenvironmental and Paleoclimatic Conditions in Southwestern Europe: Isotopic Analyses on Mammalian Taxa

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, there is only scant and unconvincing evidence that this species, which had been defined on the ground of morphological features of skull and horn-cores from the Early to the early Middle Pleistocene (ca. 1.2-0.5 Mya), survived up to the Late Pleistocene [47,48]. These two considerations prompted us to revisit the osteometric measurements of bison bones from the Early Pleistocene to modern times in order to evaluate whether it was possible to identify morphological changes that remained unidentified or poorly established up to now.…”

Section: Morphometric Analysis Of Bison Metapodialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…36.4 kya and carrying a Bb1 mitotype belonged to B. schoetensacki and thus that this mitotype was characteristic of this species [12]. B. schoetensacki, however, is an early Middle Pleistocene species and there are no robustly assigned specimens later on [47,48]. To explore whether there were similarities between B. schoetensacki samples and the Late Pleistocene samples harboring the Bb1 mitotype, we compared morphometric measurements of their metacarpals ( Figure 4B).…”

Section: Morphometric Analysis Of Bison Metapodialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution and Population Diversity of Bison in Pleistocene and Holocene Eurasia: Sex Matters

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Knowledge about the origin and evolutionary history of the bison has been improved recently owing to several genomic and paleogenomic studies published in the last two years, which elucidated large parts of the evolution of bison populations during the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene in Eurasia. The produced data, however, were interpreted in contradicting manners. Here, we have gathered, reanalyzed and compared previously published or unpublished morphometric and genetic data that have not yet been integrated and that we synthesize in a unified framework. In particular, we re-estimate dates of divergence of mitogenome lineages based on an extended dataset comprising 81 complete ancient bison mitogenomes and we revisit putative gene flow between the Bos and Bison genera based on comparative analyses of ancient and modern bison genomes, thereby questioning published conclusions. Morphometric analyses taking into account sexual dimorphism invalidate a previous claim that Bison schoetensacki was present in France during the Late Pleistocene. Both morphometric and genome analyses reveal that Eurasian bison belonging to different Bison priscus and Bison bonasus lineages maintained parallel evolutionary paths with gene flow during a long period of incomplete speciation that ceased only upon the migration of B. priscus to the American continent establishing the American bison lineage. Our nuclear genome analysis of the evolutionary history of B. bonasus allows us to reject the previous hypothesis that it is a hybrid of B. priscus and Bos primigenius. Based on present-day behavioral studies of European and American bison, we propose that apparently conflicting lines of evidence can be reconciled by positing that female bison drove the specialization of bison populations to different ecological niches while male bison drove regular homogenizing genetic exchanges between populations.

show abstract

“…In Northern Eurasia, a major herbivore turnover between 2.6 and 2.2 Ma represents the emergence of the Palearctic zoogeographical province. It is characterized by the appearance of large modern ruminants and was driven by aridity as well as overall cooling and seasonal contrasts in temperature (Brugal and Croitor, 2007) that led to an opening of the landscape. The evolution of hominins and notably the emergence of the genus Homo between c. 2.6 and 2.45 Ma (Deino et al, 2006;Prat, 2007) were probably driven by the extreme climatic fluctuations at this time (Deino et al, 2006).…”

Section: Continental Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Quaternary: its character and definition

Head¹,

Gibbard²,

Salvador³

2008

Episodes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Quaternary is characterised by the development of widespread glaciations in mid-northern latitudes. As a chronostratigraphic term it has attracted vigorous debate. The Quaternary, as accepted by the International Union for Quaternary Research and proposed by the International Commission on Stratigraphy, begins at 2.6 Ma within a 2.8-2.4 Ma interval of profound change in Earth's climate system. The base of the Gelasian Stage at 2.588 Ma offers an existing global stratotype section and point to define the base-Quaternary, and this will necessitate lowering the base of the Pleistocene from its current 1.8 Ma to that of the Quaternary to maintain hierarchical order. This proposal recognises the distinctive qualities of the Quaternary, complies strictly with the hierarchical requirements of the geological time scale, and respects the historical and widespread current usage of the term Quaternary.

show abstract

Evolution, ecology and biochronology of herbivore associations in Europe during the last 3 million years

Abstract: Evolution, ecology and biochronology of herbivore associations in Europe during the last 3 million years Évolution, écologie et biochronologie des associations d'herbivores en Europe sur les 3 derniers millions d'années

Cited by 37 publications

References 57 publications

Late Neogene and Early Quaternary Paleoenvironmental and Paleoclimatic Conditions in Southwestern Europe: Isotopic Analyses on Mammalian Taxa

Late Neogene and Early Quaternary Paleoenvironmental and Paleoclimatic Conditions in Southwestern Europe: Isotopic Analyses on Mammalian Taxa

The Evolution and Population Diversity of Bison in Pleistocene and Holocene Eurasia: Sex Matters

The Quaternary: its character and definition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About