Evolution in Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea Commers.) - A review

Abstract

Bougainvillea is a popular ornamental, mostly valued for its multicoloured bracts. It can be used in the garden as a shrub, climber, pot plant or as a specimen plant. By keeping the view of its multiple uses there is always demand for the new coloured and forms of bracts in bougainvillea. All the present day colourful bracted bougainvilleas are developed through bud sports, mutations and inter and intra specific hybridization. There is no record of varieties evolved in bougainvillea through classical breeding in different countries. Present article will provide maximum information generated in India by different research institutes on classical and mutation breeding on bougainvillea.

A high-quality Bougainvillea genome provides new insights into evolutionary history and pigment biosynthetic pathways in the Caryophyllales

“…Some species produce phytochemicals with antimicrobial activity and thus have both ornamental and prophylactic value [ 1 , 26 ]. Furthermore, Bougainvillea species are drought-tolerant, with a range of ecotypes including spiny trees, shrubs, and vines that enable plants to adapt to different geographical areas [ 17 , 71 ]. One of the most important ornamental traits of Bougainvillea is the brilliant bract color, which is thought to occur as the result of betalain accumulation ( Fig.…”

Study on Government Managed Gardens in Public Buildings of Kathmandu Valley

“…Thuja spp is the most popular plants among garden users (Bartłomiejski & Kowalewski 2019;Kumar & Narain 2013) due to evergreen in nature, availability of a large number of compact to dwarf cultivars (Missouri Botanical Garden 2021) and can be shaped in different forms easily (Szekely & Dagmar 2011). Most of the landscapes and gardens consist of Bougainvillea spp due to their attractive multicolored bracts and can be used in the garden as a shrub, climber, potted plant or as a specimen plant (Salam et al 2017). Besides the beauty of flowers, Cuphea hyssopifolia is popularly used in gardens as a potted plant, for low borders, and as ground cover in small beds (Francis 2004).…”

The complete chloroplast genome of a commercially exploited ornamental plant, Bougainvillea glabra (Caryophyllales: Nyctaginaceae)

“…Bougainvillea glabra Choisy is an evergreen, flowering plant native to the South America and is domesticated in many places with warm climates due to its ornamental values (Salam et al 2017). The plant produces flowers that are attached with thin and papery bracts which come in different attractive bright colours.…”