Evolution of a Strategy for the Unified, Asymmetric Total Syntheses of DMOA-Derived Spiromeroterpenoids

Abstract

DMOA-derived spiromeroterpenoids are a group of natural products with complex structures and varied biological activities. Recently, we reported the first enantioselective total synthesis of five spiromeroterpenoids based on a fragment coupling strategy. This full account describes details of a strategy evolution that culminated in successful syntheses of the targeted natural products. Although our alkylative dearomatization methodology was unable to deliver the desired spirocyclic product in our first-generation approach, our second-generation approach based on oxidative [3+2] cycloaddition produced the asnovolin H core along with several complex dimers. Challenges with the dearomatization approach finally led us to develop a third generation, non-dearomatization approach based on a fragment coupling strategy to construct the conserved, sterically hindered bis-neopentyl linkage of the spiromeroterpenoids through 1,2-addition. To enable scalable access of the natural products, a refined, multigram-scale synthesis of the coupling partners was developed. A series of stereoselective transformations was developed through judicious choice of reagents and conditions. Finally, modular spirocycle construction logic was demonstrated through the synthesis of a small library of spiromer-oterpenoid analogues.