Evolution of air pollution source contributions over one decade, derived by PM10 and PM2.5 source apportionment in two metropolitan urban areas in Greece

Diapouli, Evangelia; Manousakas, M.; Vratolis, Stergios; Vasilatou, Vasiliki; Maggos, Thomas; Saraga, Dikaia; Grigoratos, Theodorοs; Argyropoulos, G.; Voutsa, Dimitra; Samara, Constantini; Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.06.016

Cited by 118 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…From previous measurements at the DEM station, OC/EC ratios in the range 10-14 were obtained during a wildfire episode in the countryside areas around Athens in the summer of 2009 [58]. Diapouli et al reported a mean value of this ratio in the range 7-10 at urban background and suburban sites in Athens, during the cold period of 2012, when intense use of fireplaces and wood stoves has been documented in the residential areas of big urban centres in Greece [21]. The OE/EC ratios measured in the present work, and during periods with significant contribution from BC wb, are in good agreement with the above mentioned studies, as well as with studies in other European urban centres [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, several studies have demonstrated an increasing contribution from wood-burning emissions during recent years [19][20][21]. Greece is one of the countries that, besides the previously documented elevated background regional pollution levels in the warm period of the year [22], has seen a significant increase in the use of biomass burning for domestic heating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be also noted that domestic wood burning in Athens is known to be based, in general, on low-efficiency combustion systems, further aggravating the air pollution burden from this source. Based on a source apportionment study on the evolution of PM source contributions over one decade in Athens, biomass burning contribution increased from 5-7% in 2002 to more than 30% for 2011-2012, with the cold period contributions reaching up 63% in the PM 2.5 size fraction [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annual Variability of Black Carbon Concentrations Originating from Biomass and Fossil Fuel Combustion for the Suburban Aerosol in Athens, Greece

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The objective of this work was to assess the yearly contribution of fossil fuel combustion (BC ff ) and wood burning (BC wb ) to equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentrations, in Athens, Greece. Measurements were conducted at a suburban site from March 2013 to February 2014 and included absorption coefficients at seven wavelengths and PM 2.5 chemical composition data for key biomass burning markers, i.e., levoglucosan, potassium (K) and elemental and organic carbon (EC, OC). A well-documented methodology of corrections for aethalometer attenuation coefficients was applied with a resulting annual dataset of derived absorption coefficients for the suburban Athens' atmospheric aerosol. The Aethalometer model was applied for the source apportionment of eBC. An optimum Ångström exponent for fossil fuel (α ff ) was found, based on the combined use of the model with levoglucosan data. The measured eBC concentrations were equal to 2.4 ± 1.0 µg m −3 and 1.6 ± 0.6 µg m −3 , during the cold and the warm period respectively. The contribution from wood burning was significantly higher during the cold period (21 ± 11%, versus 6 ± 7% in the warm period). BC ff displayed a clear diurnal pattern with a morning peak between 8 and 10 a.m. (during morning rush hour) and a second peak during the evening and night hours, due to the shallowing of the mixing layer. Regression analysis between BC wb concentrations and biomass burning markers (levoglucosan, K and OC/EC ratio) supported the validity of the results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annual Variability of Black Carbon Concentrations Originating from Biomass and Fossil Fuel Combustion for the Suburban Aerosol in Athens, Greece

et al. 2017

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“…A significant increase in winter evening CO level has been reported for the period 2012-2015 by Gratsea et al (2017) and attributed to the increase in wood burning use. By contrast, during summertime a consistent decrease was encountered in the last decade as a result of the simultaneous reduction in traffic and industrial activity due to the economic crisis in Greece (Diapouli et al, 2017a).…”

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Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The scope of this study was to estimate the contribution of fossil fuel and wood burning combustion to black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) during wintertime, in Athens. For that purpose, in situ measurements of equivalent black carbon (eBC) and CO were simultaneously conducted in a suburban and an urban background monitoring site in Athens during the 3 months of winter 2014-2015. For the deconvolution of eBC into eBC emitted from fossil fuel (BC ff ) and wood burning (BC wb ), a method based on the spectral dependency of the absorption of pure black carbon and brown carbon was used. Thereafter, BC wb and BC ff estimated fractions were used along with measured CO concentrations in a multiple regression analysis, in order to quantify the contribution of each one of the combustion sources to the ambient CO levels. For a comparative analysis of the results, we additionally estimated the wood burning and fossil fuel contribution to CO, calculated on the basis of their CO / NO x emission ratios. The results indicate that during wintertime BC and CO are mainly emitted by local sources within the Athens Metropolitan Area (AMA). Fossil fuel combustion, mainly from road traffic, is found to be the major contributor to both eBC in PM 2.5 and CO ambient concentrations in AMA. However, wintertime wood burning makes a significant contribution to the observed eBC (of about 30 %) and CO concentrations (on average, 11 and 16 % of total CO in the suburban and urban background sites respectively). Both BC and CO from biomass burning (BC wb and CO wb , respectively) present a clear diurnal pattern, with the highest concentrations during night-time, supporting the theory of local domestic heating being their main source.

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“…Respectively, a significant increase in winter evening CO level has been reported by Gratsea et al (2017) and 20 attributed to the increase in wood burning use. On the other hand, during summertime a consistent decrease is encountered as a result of the simultaneous reduction in traffic and industrial activity due to the economic crisis in Greece (Diapouli et al, 2017).…”

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Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

Kalogridis¹,

Vratolis²,

Liakakou³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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The scope of this study was to estimate the contribution of fossil fuel and wood burning combustion to black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) during wintertime, in Athens. For that purpose, in-situ measurements of equivalent Black Carbon (eBC) and CO were simultaneously conducted in a suburban and an urban background monitoring site in Athens during three months of winter 2014-2015. For the deconvolution of eBC into eBC emitted from fossil fuel (BC ff ) and wood burning 15 (BC wb ), a method based on the spectral dependency of the absorption of pure black carbon and brown carbon was used.Thereafter, BC wb and BC ff estimated fractions were used along with measured CO concentrations in a multiple regression analysis, in order to quantify the contribution of each one of the combustion sources to the ambient CO levels. For an independent evaluation of the results, we additionally estimated the wood-burning and fossil fuel contribution to CO, calculated on the basis of their CO/NO x emission ratios. The results indicate that during wintertime BC and CO are mainly 20 emitted by local sources within the Athens Metropolitan Area (AMA), and are only occasionally affected by long-range transport. Fossil fuel combustion, mainly from road traffic, is found to be the major contributor to both eBC in PM 2.5 and CO ambient concentrations in AMA. However, wintertime wood burning makes a significant contribution of about 30% to the observed eBC and the CO concentrations (on average, 11 % and 16 % of total CO in the two sites, respectively). Both, BC and CO from biomass burning (BC wb and CO wb , respectively) present a clear diurnal pattern with highest concentrations 25 during night, supporting the local domestic heating as their main source.

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Evolution of air pollution source contributions over one decade, derived by PM10 and PM2.5 source apportionment in two metropolitan urban areas in Greece

Cited by 118 publications

References 72 publications

Annual Variability of Black Carbon Concentrations Originating from Biomass and Fossil Fuel Combustion for the Suburban Aerosol in Athens, Greece

Annual Variability of Black Carbon Concentrations Originating from Biomass and Fossil Fuel Combustion for the Suburban Aerosol in Athens, Greece

Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

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