Evolution of Catabolic Pathways in Pseudomonas Through Gene Transfer

Meer, Jan Roelof van der

doi:10.1007/0-387-28881-3_7

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 235 publications

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“…The biodegradation pathways of synthetic compounds seem to have evolved from those of natural analogs (7,18,45,46). Only a few biodegradation pathways have been established for natural nitro compounds (20), so our current understanding VOL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The research on biodegradation of nitro compounds has focused on synthetic chemicals, and a great deal is known about the biochemistry and molecular biology of the pathways. The degradation pathways for synthetic compounds appear to have evolved by recruitment and assembly of genes from other pathways in response to the recent introduction of such chemicals into the biosphere (7,18,45,46). Over 200 natural nitro compounds are produced by a variety of microbes, plants, and animals (6,20,30), but little is known about their biodegradation mechanisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of the 5-Nitroanthranilic Acid Degradation Pathway in Bradyrhizobium sp. Strain JS329

Spain

2011

J Bacteriol

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Biodegradation pathways of synthetic nitroaromatic compounds and anilines are well documented, but little is known about those of nitroanilines. We previously reported that the initial step in 5-nitroanthranilic acid (5NAA) degradation by Bradyrhizobium sp. strain JS329 is a hydrolytic deamination to form 5-nitrosalicylic acid (5NSA), followed by ring fission catalyzed by 5NSA dioxygenase. The mechanism of release of the nitro group was unknown. In this study, we subcloned, sequenced, and expressed the genes encoding 5NAA deaminase (5NAA aminohydrolase, NaaA), 5NSA dioxygenase (NaaB) and lactonase (NaaC), the key genes responsible for 5NAA degradation. Sequence analysis and enzyme characterization revealed that NaaA is a hydrolytic metalloenzyme with a narrow substrate range. The nitro group is spontaneously eliminated as nitrite concomitant with the formation of a lactone from the ring fission product of 5NSA dioxygenation. The elimination of the nitro group during lactone formation is a previously unreported mechanism for denitration of nitro aliphatic compounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of the 5-Nitroanthranilic Acid Degradation Pathway in Bradyrhizobium sp. Strain JS329

Spain

2011

J Bacteriol

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“…More research on these oxygenase genes is needed to properly examine their function and regulation. Strain BD-a59 was taxonomically distant from previously characterized BTEX degraders, yet the oxygenase gene sequences retrieved from strain BDa59 were very similar to those in other BTEX-degrading bacteria, which suggested possible lateral gene transfers (31).…”

Section: Btex Degradation Tests With Msb Brothmentioning

confidence: 76%

Influence of Soil Components on the Biodegradation of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and o- , m- , and p -Xylenes by the Newly Isolated Bacterium Pseudoxanthomonas spadix BD-a59

Kim

Chung

et al. 2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

151

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A bacterium designated strain BD-a59, able to degrade all six benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-, m-, and p-xylene (BTEX) compounds, was isolated by plating gasoline-contaminated sediment from a gasoline station in Geoje, Republic of Korea, without enrichment, on minimal salts basal (MSB) agar containing 0.01% yeast extract, with BTEX as the sole carbon and energy source. Taxonomic analyses showed that the isolate belonged to Pseudoxanthomonas spadix, and until now, the genus Pseudoxanthomonas has not included any known BTEX degraders. The BTEX biodegradation rate was very low in MSB broth, but adding a small amount of yeast extract greatly enhanced the biodegradation. Interestingly, degradation occurred very quickly in slurry systems amended with sterile soil solids but not with aqueous soil extract. Moreover, if soil was combusted first to remove organic matter, the enhancement effect on BTEX biodegradation was lost, indicating that some components of insoluble organic compounds are nutritionally beneficial for BTEX degradation. Reverse transcriptase PCR-based analysis of field-fixed mRNA revealed expression of the tmoA gene, whose sequence was closely related to that carried by strain BD-a59. This study suggests that strain BD-a59 has the potential to assist in BTEX biodegradation at contaminated sites.

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“…Even horizontal gene transfer granted, the number of mutations and genetic events that might be required for the emergence of a fully competent biodegradative strain able to deal with a novel xenobiotic compound can be considerable, far more than those necessary e.g. for new antibiotic resistances [44]. It thus comes as a surprise that a good number of xenobiotic compounds are indeed degraded by environmental strains not much after their production by the chemical industry [8], [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous Stress Caused by Faulty Oxidation Reactions Fosters Evolution of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene-Degrading Bacteria

et al. 2013

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Environmental strain Burkholderia sp. DNT mineralizes the xenobiotic compound 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) owing to the catabolic dnt genes borne by plasmid DNT, but the process fails to promote significant growth. To investigate this lack of physiological return of such an otherwise complete metabolic route, cells were exposed to DNT under various growth conditions and the endogenous formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) monitored in single bacteria. These tests revealed the buildup of a strong oxidative stress in the population exposed to DNT. By either curing the DNT plasmid or by overproducing the second activity of the biodegradation route (DntB) we could trace a large share of ROS production to the first reaction of the route, which is executed by the multicomponent dioxygenase encoded by the dntA gene cluster. Naphthalene, the ancestral substrate of the dioxygenase from which DntA has evolved, also caused significant ROS formation. That both the old and the new substrate brought about a considerable cellular stress was indicative of a still-evolving DntA enzyme which is neither optimal any longer for naphthalene nor entirely advantageous yet for growth of the host strain on DNT. We could associate endogenous production of ROS with likely error-prone repair mechanisms of DNA damage, and the ensuing stress-induced mutagenesis in cells exposed to DNT. It is thus plausible that the evolutionary roadmap for biodegradation of xenobiotic compounds like DNT was largely elicited by mutagenic oxidative stress caused by faulty reactions of precursor enzymes with novel but structurally related substrates-to-be.

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Evolution of Catabolic Pathways in Pseudomonas Through Gene Transfer

Cited by 5 publications

References 235 publications

Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of the 5-Nitroanthranilic Acid Degradation Pathway in Bradyrhizobium sp. Strain JS329

Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of the 5-Nitroanthranilic Acid Degradation Pathway in Bradyrhizobium sp. Strain JS329

Influence of Soil Components on the Biodegradation of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and o- , m- , and p -Xylenes by the Newly Isolated Bacterium Pseudoxanthomonas spadix BD-a59

Endogenous Stress Caused by Faulty Oxidation Reactions Fosters Evolution of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene-Degrading Bacteria

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