Evolution of detachment fault systems within necking domains: insights from the Frøya and Gossa Highs, mid-Norwegian margin

Abstract

<p>Within rifted margins, the necking domain corresponds to the area where drastic reduction in basement thickness leads the crust to attain a wedge-shape. The crustal thinning occurs along detachment fault systems typically recording displacements in the order of 10s of kilometers. These systems commonly shape the crustal taper and eventually the taper break, where crustal thickness is thinned to 10 km or less. In recent years, it has become clear that evolutionary models for detachment fault systems remain unsatisfactory as the well-known principles for smaller magnitude fault systems are not fully applicable to these large-magnitude systems. Consequently, the detailed responses in the foot- and hanging walls and associated basin sedimentation within detachment fault systems and necking domains remain poorly understood compared to those observed in extensional half-graben basins.</p><p>We use interpretation of 3D- and 2D seismic reflection data from the Mid-Norwegian rifted margin to discuss the effects of lateral interaction and linkage of extensional detachment faults on the necking domain configuration. We investigate how the structural evolution of these detachment faults interact with the effects of isostatic rollback to produce complex 3D geometries and control the configuration of the associated supradetachment basins. The study area demonstrates how successive incision may induce a complex structural relief in response to faulting and folding. In the proximal parts of the south Vøring and northeastern Møre basins, the Klakk and Main Møre Fault Complexes form the outer necking breakaway complex and the western boundary of the Frøya High. We interpret the previously identified metamorphic core complex within the central Frøya High as an extension-parallel turtleback-structure. The now eroded turtleback is flanked by a supradetachment basin with two synclinal depocenters resting at the foot of the necking domain above the taper break. We attribute footwall and turtleback exhumation to Jurassic-Early Cretaceous detachment faulting along the Klakk and Main Møre Fault Complexes. The study area further demonstrates how detachment fault evolution may lead to the formation of younger, successively incising fault splays locally. Consequently, displacement may occur along laterally linked fault segments generated at different stages in time. Implicitly, the detachment fault system may continue to change configuration and therefore re-iterate itself and its geometry during its evolution.</p>

Footwall geomorphology during necking domain evolution: A new model for the Frøya High, mid‐Norwegian rifted margin

“…Activity for the KFC during this rift phase is documented from the formation of a younger fault splay linking in depth with the sinuous original detachment of the KFC established during late Middle Jurassic rifting (i.e. northern structural recess; Figure 4; Gresseth et al, 2022Gresseth et al, , 2023, and inferred from seismo-stratigraphic analysis of deposits within the Rås Basin (Muñoz-Barrera et al, 2022). Implicitly, this rift phase cannot be discarded for the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the Frøya High.…”

“…This study covers the northern structural recess and central footwall segment of the KFC and Frøya High detachment fault system as outlined in Gresseth et al (2023; see also Gresseth et al, 2022; Muñoz‐Barrera et al, 2020, 2022; Figures 1 and 4). Within the study area, the Frøya High forms the partly degraded footwall of the KFC, which separates it from the Rås Basin to the west (Figures 4 and 5).…”