Evolution of double vortices induce tropical cyclogenesis of Seroja over Flores, Indonesia

The study of climate bio-indicators, such as the flowering time of plants, can provide valuable insights into the effects of climate change on the environment. In this study, we investigated the impact of climate change on the flowering time of Delonix regia in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. Delonix regia trees at 50 points were observed, and their flowering time was determined in monthly time series between 2013 and 2022 using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) technique with Landsat 8 satellite imagery. The NDVI criteria for determining flowering were verified through real-time observations during the flowering season in 2021 – 2022 and confirmed using Google Earth imagery. The study’s findings indicate that Delonix regia trees in Kupang previously mass-flowered (> 75% of the population with 65 – 100% closure of the canopy area) once a year in November – December over the past decade, but the flowering time is now changing. Some observed trees in 2021 and 2022 flower twice a year, in April – May and November – December, causing flowering not to close the canopy as in previous years fully. Changes in temperature and rainfall affect the timing of flowering. Increased rain in February-March-April 2021 and 2022 (> 65 mm from the climatology 1990 – 2020) and warmer annual average temperature conditions are thought to trigger flowering initiation, which suggests that climate change significantly impacts the local environment. Our results demonstrate the potential of Delonix regia can be one of the climate bio-indicators and emphasize the importance of monitoring the flowering times of plants.

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A High Wind Associated with Bow Echo Mesovortex over Cimenyan, Indonesia

Yulihastin

2023

Preprint

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The high wind was noticed as the second natural disaster that frequently occurred during the last decade in the Indonesia Maritime Continent (IMC). However, the plausible mechanism of high wind still needed to be discovered due to the lack of observation measurements to detect the extreme event over a short time in a limited area over IMC. Herein, we investigated a high wind categorized as Beaufort 8 (56 km h-1) with a devastating impact on 28 March 2021 in the meso-γ-scale over Cimenyan, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. As the first documentation of a storm-induced high wind in IMC, we combined methods of observational and numerical using X-band radar and a high-resolution (0.2 km) of Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) in studying the physical and dynamic processes related to that extreme event. Our finding pointed out that the high wind generated by an isolated system of a short-lived (40-minute) bow echo meso-γ-vortex is a precondition of mesoscale convective complex development on a synoptic scale. The bowing stage was initiated by a meso-convergence and genesis of meso-γ-vortex as mesoscale convergence vortices under the end-line theory developed by a sustained wind, vertical vorticity anomaly, strong vertical wind shear, and rotational updraft from low-to-surface levels of the troposphere. This study suggested that the WRF model with appropriate microphysics scheme and topography succeeded in simulating a real event of a short-lived bow-echo meso-γ-vortex with 10 minutes of early initial discrepancies between simulated and observed predicts better a storm-induced high wind for hydro-meteorological mitigation over IMC.

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Evolution of double vortices induce tropical cyclogenesis of Seroja over Flores, Indonesia

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Investigating the Fujiwhara Effect on Seroja TC and Odette TC on Upwelling Patterns Using EMT and EPV Spatial Analysis

Investigating the Fujiwhara Effect on Seroja TC and Odette TC on Upwelling Patterns Using EMT and EPV Spatial Analysis

Delonix regia as a climate bio-indicator: The effect of climate change on flowering time in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara

A High Wind Associated with Bow Echo Mesovortex over Cimenyan, Indonesia

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