Evolution of Eastern Asian–Eastern North American Biogeographic Disjunctions: A Few Additional Issues

Wen, Jun

doi:10.1086/322940

Cited by 194 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…3). Though the North Atlantic land bridges were no longer directly viable through Neogene, several molecular studies (Hoey and Parks 1991;Wen 1998Wen , 1999Wen et al 2010) supported that some exchanges of temperate taxa may have continued. Eddie et al (2003) recognized that the Rapunculus clade (the c-2 clade) was most diverse in the Mediterranean basin, and they hypothesized that Campanula and its closely related genera originated in the Mediterranean region, and then they rapidly expanded into other Northern Hemisphere regions during pre-glacial times.…”

Section: Biogeographic History Of Eastern Asian Homocodon and Peracarpamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The forests became disrupted in response to (1) the climatic cooling in the Northern Hemisphere with heavy impact of glaciations in Europe and other regions of higher northern latitudes in the late Tertiary and the Quaternary, and (2) the Tertiary orogenies and subsequent development of the xeric and higher elevation coniferous flora in western North America. These events led to extinctions of many plants, especially those in Europe and central and western North America, but some plants survived and became relicts in widely discontinuous areas (Graham 1972;Wolfe 1972;Hoey and Parks 1991;Wen 1999;Wen et al 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic assessment and biogeographic analyses of tribe Peracarpeae (Campanulaceae)

Zhou

Wen

et al. 2011

Plant Syst Evol

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Peracarpeae is a small tribe consisting of three genera: Homocodon, Heterocodon and Peracarpa, with a disjunct distribution between eastern Asia and western North America. Homocodon is endemic to southwestern China and was previously placed in the western North American genus Heterocodon. Our phylogenetic analysis using four plastid markers (matK, atpB, rbcL and trnL-F) suggests the polyphyly of Peracarpeae. Homocodon is sister to a clade consisting of the eastern Asian Adenophora, Hanabusaya and species of Campanula from the Mediterranean region and North America, rather than forming a clade with Heterocodon. Homocodon and its Eurasia relatives are estimated to have diverged in the early Miocene (16.84 mya, 95% HPD 13.35-21.45 mya). The eastern Asian Peracarpa constitutes a clade with the North American Heterocodon, Githopsis and three species of Campanula, supporting a disjunction between eastern Asia and North America in Campanulaceae. The Asian-North American disjunct lineages diverged in the early Miocene (16.17 mya,. The biogeographic analyses suggest that Homocodon may be a relict of an early radiation in eastern Asia, and that Peracarpa and its closest North American relatives most likely originated from a Eurasian ancestor.

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Section: Biogeographic History Of Eastern Asian Homocodon and Peracarpamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic assessment and biogeographic analyses of tribe Peracarpeae (Campanulaceae)

Zhou

Wen

et al. 2011

Plant Syst Evol

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“…The floras concerned are considered as Tertiary relict and have long captured the interest of botanists (Tiffney, 1985a,b;Wen et al, 2010). In angiosperms, over 100 genera exhibit disjunct distributions between two or more of these regions (Wen, 1999;Milne and Abbott, 2002;Milne, 2006), with disjunctions between Eastern North America and Eastern Asia being by far the most common (Xiang et al, 2000;Donoghue and Smith, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the sword moss (Bryoxiphium) a preglacial Tertiary relict?

Patiño

Goffinet

Sim‐Sim

et al. 2016

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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a b s t r a c tThe disjunction of floras between East Asia, Southeast North America, West North America, and Southwest Eurasia has been interpreted in terms of the fragmentation of a once continuous mixed mesophytic forest that occurred throughout the Northern Hemisphere due to the climatic and geological changes during the late Tertiary. The sword moss, Bryoxiphium, exhibits a distribution that strikingly resembles that of the mesophytic forest elements such as Liriodendron and is considered as the only living member of an early Tertiary flora in Iceland. These hypotheses are tested here using molecular dating analyses and ancestral area estimations. The results suggest that the extant range of Bryoxiphium results from the fragmentation of a formerly wider range encompassing North America and Southeast Asia about 10 million years ago. The split of continental ancestral populations is too recent to match with a continental drift scenario but is spatially and temporally remarkably congruent with that observed in Tertiary angiosperm relict species. The timing of the colonization of Iceland from Macaronesian ancestors, about two million years ago, is, however, incompatible with the hypothesis that Bryoxiphium is the only living member of an early Tertiary flora of the island. Alaska was recurrently colonized from East Asia. The ability of Bryoxiphium to overcome large oceanic barriers is further evidenced by its occurrence on remote oceanic archipelagos. In particular, Madeira was colonized twice independently from American and East Asian ancestors, respectively. The striking range disjunction of Bryoxiphium is interpreted in terms of its mating system, as the taxon exhibits a very singular pattern of spatial segregation of the sexes.

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“…Many plant taxa disjunct between Eurasia and North America may represent elements of the once continuous Arcto-Tertiary or boreal floras in the Tertiary (Li, 1952;Tiffney, 1985;Tiffney and Manchester, 2001). Nevertheless, these disjunctions from the breakup of the once continuous Arcto-Tertiary or boreal floras may be restricted to the mid-Tertiary temperate elements (such as Anemone of Ranunculaceae and Viburnum of Caprifoliaceae) or early Tertiary tropical elements (such as Illiciaceae), which adapted to the climatic conditions in the high-latitude regions of the northern hemisphere (Tiffney and Manchester, 2001;Wen, 1999Wen, , 2001). For taxa with tropical affinities and/or younger than Miocene, the vicariance hypothesis may not be plausible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersals of Hyoscyameae and Mandragoreae (Solanaceae) from the New World to Eurasia in the early Miocene and their biogeographic diversification within Eurasia

Volis

Dillon

et al. 2010

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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Evolution of Eastern Asian–Eastern North American Biogeographic Disjunctions: A Few Additional Issues

Cited by 194 publications

References 42 publications

Phylogenetic assessment and biogeographic analyses of tribe Peracarpeae (Campanulaceae)

Phylogenetic assessment and biogeographic analyses of tribe Peracarpeae (Campanulaceae)

Is the sword moss (Bryoxiphium) a preglacial Tertiary relict?

Dispersals of Hyoscyameae and Mandragoreae (Solanaceae) from the New World to Eurasia in the early Miocene and their biogeographic diversification within Eurasia

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