Evolution of element distribution at the interface of FTO/SiO x C y films with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Zhang, F.C.; Chen, J.J.; Yu, Bingjie; Gao, Yufei; Zhao, MC; Liang, Bo; Zhao, Hongli

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2014.07.012

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Moreover, the chemical states distribution in the XPS spectra was changed from the as‐prepared FTO films to those annealed, mainly referring to the Sn3d 5/2 and Si2p, which were influenced by oxygen‐deficient states and lattice mismatch in the diffusion layer caused by thermal treatment. As expected, the electrical properties were affected and, comparing the as‐prepared and annealed FTO film at 262 s, the charge density decreased from 6.98 × 10 20 to 1.39 × 10 20 cm −3 and the resistivity increased from 3.13 × 10 −4 to 4.73 × 10 −4 Ω cm 49 …”

Section: Temperature Effects On Tco Substratesupporting

confidence: 66%

“…The commonly employed methods to obtain FTO substrates involve chemical reactions on glass substrate, which can be heated and/or subjected to an additional thermal treatment step to produce fluorine‐doped tin oxide. Chemical precursors like SnCl 4 , SnCl 2 , C 4 H 9 SnC 13 and NH 4 F, CF 3 COOH have been used as tin and fluoride source in chemical spray pyrolysis, ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, atmosphere pressure chemical vapor deposition, electrochemical deposition at atmospheric pressure, not exclusively 44,46–49 . Considering that the precursors can be prepared in aqueous, acid, organic solutions and a mixture of them, hydrogen interaction is facilitated on the hydrophilic surface of silicate‐based glass substrates, on which O − ions, [glass](OH) − , acts as nucleation sites for heterogeneous surface reactions.…”

Section: Temperature Effects On Tco Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

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Revealing the synergy of Sn insertion in hematite for next‐generation solar water splitting nanoceramics

Bedin

Freitas

Tofanello

et al. 2020

Int J Ceramic Engine & Sci

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Solar water splitting-driven hydrogen fuel production is very attractive due to positive aspects as higher energy density and a renewable energy source arising from water and sunlight. 1 Despite these remarkable overall strengths, sustainable largescale clean hydrogen production is quite far from being available, in particular by the lack of efficient and economically viable electrodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells. These devices involve two redox electrochemical reactions: hydrogen evolution on the cathode and oxygen evolution on the anode, where one or more photosensitive material can be enforced in the device design. 2 It is worth mentioning that oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the rate-determining step of the photoelectrochemical water splitting, because of the four-electron reaction mechanism of water oxidation, which

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Section: Temperature Effects On Tco Substratesupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Temperature Effects On Tco Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the synergy of Sn insertion in hematite for next‐generation solar water splitting nanoceramics

Bedin

Freitas

Tofanello

et al. 2020

Int J Ceramic Engine & Sci

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“…In the past few years, the dual-wavelength laser is a hot international research topic [1][2][3][4][5] . Since its structure is compact and can be miniaturized, the solid-state dual-wavelength laser is able to supply more output power, and can cover wider bands [6,7] . Over the past decade, there has been considerable interest in developing dual-wavelength lasers, especially Nd-doped dual-wavelength lasers [8][9][10][11] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthogonally polarized dual-wavelength Nd:YLiF4 laser

et al. 2015

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This Letter proposes a method to balance the gain and loss of the orthogonally polarized emissions of dual wavelengths in a solid laser cavity. By adjusting the tilt angle of the uncoated glass plate inserted into the cavity, the gain and loss of the orthogonally polarized emission lines with small intervals can be balanced to equalize the oscillation thresholds of the orthogonally polarized dual wavelengths. We select the birefringent crystal Nd:LiYF (Nd:YLF) as the gain media, and theoretically analyze the simultaneous oscillation conditions of dual wavelengths with πand σ-polarized emissions from a four-level transition (4 F 3∕2 → 4 I 11∕2 and 4 F 3∕2 → 4 I 13∕2) in Nd 3þ. A simple linear cavity structure is adopted in the experiment, and stable CW orthogonally polarized dual

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“…Since the microstructure of FTO films prepared by CVD is formed quickly, many defects or dangling bonds exist in the films. According to the previous work 17 18 , oxygen exists in three chemical states on the film surface: absorbed oxygen O abs and lattice oxygen of two different types O I and O II . Accordingly, if a large amount of oxygen is absorbed on the film surface, it would increase the [O]/[Sn] ratio at the surface layer, as reported previously 17 19 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference of Temperature and Time during tempering process for non-stoichiometric FTO films

Yang

Liang

Zhao

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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In order to enhance the mechanical strength of Low-E glass, Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) films have to be tempered at high temperatures together with glass substrates. The effects of tempering temperature (600 °C ~ 720 °C) and time (150 s ~ 300 s) on the structural and electrical properties of FTO films were investigated. The results show all the films consist of non-stoichiometric, polycrystalline SnO2 without detectable amounts of fluoride. 700 °C and 260 s may be the critical tempering temperature and time, respectively. FTO films tempered at 700 °C for 260 s possesses the resistivity of 7.54 × 10−4 Ω•cm, the average transmittance in 400 ~ 800 nm of ~80%, and the calculated emissivity of 0.38. Hall mobility of FTO films tempered in this proper condition is mainly limited by the ionized impurity scattering. The value of [O]/[Sn] at the film surface is much higher than the stoichiometric value of 2.0 of pure crystalline SnO2.

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Evolution of element distribution at the interface of FTO/SiO x C y films with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Revealing the synergy of Sn insertion in hematite for next‐generation solar water splitting nanoceramics

Revealing the synergy of Sn insertion in hematite for next‐generation solar water splitting nanoceramics

Orthogonally polarized dual-wavelength Nd:YLiF4 laser

Reference of Temperature and Time during tempering process for non-stoichiometric FTO films

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