Evolution of Eutectic Carbide during M7C3/M23C6 in situ Transformation in Martensitic Stainless Steel

Zhang, Jie; Li, Jing; Shi, Chunming; Li, Jihui

doi:10.1002/srin.202200231

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Previous studies on the diffusion of atoms in the solid phase found that the diffusion coefficient of C in the solid phase is larger than that of Cr in the solid phase. [6,38] Therefore, after the Cr atoms complete the interfacial reaction into the matrix, the rate of diffusion will be reduced and enriched in the matrix around the carbide when there is no liquid phase produced. When a liquid phase is generated, Cr atoms diffuse in the liquid phase and into the matrix through the liquid phase-matrix interface, the diffusion of Cr atoms is accelerated, and the segregation of alloying elements around the carbide is improved.…”

Section: High-temperature Dissolution Behavior Of Primary Carbidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The type, number, form, size, and distribution of carbides have a significant effect on the properties of steel. [6][7][8] Fine, uniformly distributed carbides can strengthen highcarbon martensitic stainless steels and improve the sharpness of finished tools. [9] The toughness, grindability, and processability of steel are seriously affected by the coarse reticulated primary carbide produced at the end of solidification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissolution of Large‐Sized Primary Carbides in 6Cr13 Continuous Casting Slabs during High‐Temperature Homogenization

Zhu,

Li,

Pan

et al. 2024

steel research int.

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The morphology of carbides, the distribution of alloying elements, and the dissolution of primary carbides in 6Cr13 continuous casting slabs during the high‐temperature homogenization process are studied herein. The results show that severe segregation of alloying elements exists at the center of the cast slabs, accompanied by large, interconnected primary carbides in the form of a network. Large‐sized reticulated primary carbides are difficult to completely dissolve and eliminate during homogenization treatments. Large‐sized primary carbides will dissolve along the contours and the joints between the carbides when the temperature of high‐temperature homogenization does not exceed 1250 °C and the time does not exceed 1 h. The carbides that had broken off will precipitate again along the original contour in the form of large‐sized brain‐like carbides beyond this temperature and time. In situ observation of the high‐temperature homogenization process reveals that when the slab is heated to 1200 °C, the local liquid phase starts to be generated around the carbide. Cr atoms diffuse into the matrix through the liquid–matrix interface; it will accelerate the high‐temperature homogenization process and improve the segregation of alloying elements around carbides.

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Section: High-temperature Dissolution Behavior Of Primary Carbidementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolution of Large‐Sized Primary Carbides in 6Cr13 Continuous Casting Slabs during High‐Temperature Homogenization

Zhu,

Li,

Pan

et al. 2024

steel research int.

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Martensitic stainless steels (MSSs) have been widely used in the manufacture of turbine blades, surgical instruments, molds, cutting tools, etc., due to their high strength, hardness, good wear resistance, and corrosion resistance [1][2][3]. Among them, 5Cr15MoV martensitic stainless steel contains about 15% Cr and 0.5% C, which achieves an optimal balance of hardness and good corrosion resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tempering Time on the Microstructure and Properties of Martensitic Stainless Steel

Jiang,

Wu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Metals

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Martensitic stainless steels (MSSs) have been widely used in the manufacture of turbine blades, surgical instruments, and cutting tools because of their hardness and corrosion resistance. The MSSs are usually tempered at a temperature no higher than 250 °C after quenching to avoid the decline in the hardness, strength, and corrosion resistance of the steels. However, some short-time thermal shocks are inevitable in processes like welding, water grinding, laser marking, etc., in the manufacturing of kitchen knives, all of which may have negative effects on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The effects of these short-time thermal shocks have rarely been studied. In this paper, the martensitic stainless steel 5Cr15MoV (X50CrMoV15 is European Standards) was selected to be tempered at the sensitization temperatures (480 to 600 °C) for a series of times (0.5 to 128 min) after quenching, and the microstructures, hardness, and corrosion resistance of the steel after tempering were investigated. It was shown that the variation in hardness and corrosion resistance of the 5Cr15MoV steel could be divided into four stages over time during tempering at the sensitization temperatures. The hardness of steel was found to increase at first and then decrease with time; accordingly, good corrosion resistance was retained in the initial few minutes of tempering, which then deteriorated fast. The variation in hardness and corrosion resistance of the 5Cr15MoV steel is related to the diffusion of C and Cr atoms at different tempering temperatures. The mechanism of the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance variation caused by the diffusion of C and Cr atoms during tempering at the sensitization temperatures was also discussed.

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“…Kraposhina et al [ 9 ] observed that eutectic M 7 C 3 carbides in Fe–Cr–Ni alloys transformed completely into M 23 C 6 carbides with face‐centered cubic structure after undergoing high‐temperature annealing for 100 h. Wieczerzak et al [ 10 ] investigated the evolution of carbides in Fe–Cr–C alloys during high‐temperature heat treatment and concluded that temperatures ranging from 500 to 600 °C, the transformation of M 7 C 3 /M 23 C 6 carbides significantly leads to a increased the final volume fraction of carbides, thereby enhancing the aggregation process of rod‐shaped carbides. Zhang et al [ 15 ] conducted a study on the evolution and transformation mechanism of eutectic M 7 C 3 carbides in 10Cr15Mo4VCo stainless steel. While investigations into the transformation of M 7 C 3 carbides have predominately focused on cast iron and martensitic stainless steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution Behavior and Fracture Criterion of Carbides in D2 Cold‐Work Die Steel During Hot Working Process

Liu

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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Investigating the fracture mechanisms of carbides is of paramount importance for optimizing hot working processes in die steels. This work establishes a comprehensive criterion equation to predict the behavior of carbide fracture in D2 cold‐work die steel during hot working process. High‐temperature laser confocal microscope is employed to prepare samples with varying solidification rates. Subsequently, these samples are subjected to a range of heating temperatures spanning from 1000 °C and 1100 °C. The samples are analyzed utilizing scanning electron microscopy energy spectrum analysis and X‐ray diffraction. The activation energy of M7C3 carbides is calculated through the utilization of kinetic equations and the Arrhenius law. Additionally, a criterion model for the fracture behavior of M7C3 carbides in D2 cold‐work die steel is established. The results reveal that thin hollow rod‐shaped carbide is easy to fracture. Moreover, the activation energy for phase transition of M7C3 carbides in D2 cold‐work die steels is determined to be 226.974 KJ mol−1. Furthermore, the fracture behavior of carbides in D2 cold‐work steel is found to be influenced by various factors such as heating temperature, deformation rate, and peak stress. Finally, the criterion model demonstrates substantial agreement with the experimental observations gathered, affirming its reliability and accuracy.

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Evolution of Eutectic Carbide during M₇C₃/M₂₃C₆ in situ Transformation in Martensitic Stainless Steel

Abstract: The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202200231.

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Dissolution of Large‐Sized Primary Carbides in 6Cr13 Continuous Casting Slabs during High‐Temperature Homogenization

Dissolution of Large‐Sized Primary Carbides in 6Cr13 Continuous Casting Slabs during High‐Temperature Homogenization

Effect of Tempering Time on the Microstructure and Properties of Martensitic Stainless Steel

Evolution Behavior and Fracture Criterion of Carbides in D2 Cold‐Work Die Steel During Hot Working Process

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