Evolution of explosively driven flash coatings

Montoya, Gabriel A.; Dean, Joshua; Lawrence, Joseph R.; Salyer, Terry R.; Son, Steven F.

doi:10.1063/12.0020510

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…The alumina particles were suspended in 90 % ethanol and then an airbrush was used to coat each sample with an approximate thickness of 50 μm. The thickness of the coating was measured using optical profilometry [22]. Figure 2 shows diagrams of the different streak planes as well as the void placement for back-surface and top-surface streak imaging.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence and comparison of cylindrical engineered defects on detonation waveshape in a rubberized RDX explosive

Lawrence,

Montoya,

Koeblitz

et al. 2024

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Inhomogeneities within explosives affect the sensitivity and detonation waveshape of energetic materials. The influence of voids on explosive initiation has been well documented; however, the effects that voids between 0.1 mm and 10 mm have on a propagating detonation wave remains largely unexplored. The effect of single cylindrical voids on detonation waveshape and re‐initiation was examined here using manufactured voids in a rubberized 1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazinane (RDX) explosive. Two streak imaging techniques were fielded to investigate void influence. For the first, back‐surface streak imaging, the location of the void on the samples was changed and the resulting change in detonation waveshape at the downstream breakout was captured using a streak camera in cut‐back experiments. The results from this experiment showed the effects of an initial jet form for short cut‐back distances and as shock propagation progressed, the jet formation was absorbed by the unaffected portions of the wave front. The second method, top‐surface streak imaging, was used to investigate the re‐initiation/downstream propagation of the detonation front and the detonation velocity of the rubberized explosive. These experiments were compared to similar experimental results from machined voids in PBX 9501, an 1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocane (HMX)‐based explosive, to investigate the interaction of a detonation wave with a 0.5 mm void for different explosives. The experiments were also compared to simulations using a multi‐dimensional and multi‐material hydrodynamic code. These results showed the influence that small features can have on detonation waveshaping and how explosive properties play a key role in that interaction.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence and comparison of cylindrical engineered defects on detonation waveshape in a rubberized RDX explosive

Lawrence,

Montoya,

Koeblitz

et al. 2024

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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The Effects of Material‐Filled Voids on Detonation Wave Shape in Rubberized RDX Explosives

Lawrence,

Koeblitz,

Montoya

et al. 2024

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The sensitivity of explosives is affected by inhomogeneities within the material. This is evident in the increased shock sensitivity of explosives with slightly lower densities resulting from an increased number of hotspots. The influence of hotspots on explosive initiation has been well studied; however, few studies have been conducted on the effect of intermediate‐sized voids (0.1–10 mm) on a propagating detonation wave. Cylindrical voids filled with air have been studied for diameters ranging from 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm for both 1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocane (HMX) and 1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazinane (RDX)‐based rubberized explosives. Continuing the investigation into single cylindrical voids, this study examined the effects of 0.5 mm diameter voids filled with different inert cylindrical metals on the detonation wave shape for an RDX‐based rubberized explosive. The metals selected for experiments were 1066 aluminum, brass, copper, and tungsten. The propagation of the detonation wave was captured using a digital streak camera. Experimental results showed that the extent of detonation wave shaping was closely tied to the density differential between the bulk explosive and metal insert. Forty‐four different filler materials, including non‐metals, were simulated using a hydrodynamic code to further analyze material inclusion effects. The main factors hypothesized to be of interest were bulk sound speed, shock impedance, and filler material density. We found that the local detonation delay could be correlated fairly well to a ratio of bulk sound speed and density. Understanding the influence of material inclusions on detonation performance and wave shape allows for tailoring of detonations.

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Evolution of explosively driven flash coatings

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Influence and comparison of cylindrical engineered defects on detonation waveshape in a rubberized RDX explosive

Influence and comparison of cylindrical engineered defects on detonation waveshape in a rubberized RDX explosive

The Effects of Material‐Filled Voids on Detonation Wave Shape in Rubberized RDX Explosives

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