Evolution of GDP and its impact on the pharmaceutical sector of Ecuador (2007-2016)

Pérez, Cristina Pérez; Fernández, C. Hernández; Méndez, Vincente; Méndez, Paola; Fernandez, A Ballesteros

doi:10.14254/2071-8330.2018/11-1/22

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Using the forecast error variance, impulse–response functions and historical decomposition, the study found that exchange rate, money supply, inflation rate, interest rate, GDP and health-care costs have a significant impact on the market capitalization and stock prices of the pharmaceutical industry. Similarly, Pérez et al (2018) used regression analysis and the Pearson correlation coefficient to investigate how the pharmaceutical industry’s financial performance in Ecuador relates to GDP and health-care spending. The study found the correlation between rising incomes and increased health-care expenditures.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the pharmaceutical industry’s growth relate to Bangladesh’s macroeconomic stability?

Rahman,

Subat

et al. 2023

IJPHM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose This study empirically aims to examine the relationship between Bangladesh’s pharmaceutical industry growth and macroeconomic indicators such as the inflation rate, gross domestic product (GDP) growth, foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, exchange rate and export growth through the long- and short-run relationship. Design/methodology/approach Using the time series data from 1986 to 2020, this study was developed based on the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) framework for co-integration. In contrast, the Toda–Yamamoto Granger Causality approach was also used for finding the direction of causality. Findings This study used the ARDL bounds test, which found strong co-integration among the variables, indicating a long-term relationship between them. In the long run, inflation, exchange rate and export growth significantly positively influence the pharmaceutical industry’s growth. Surprisingly, an FDI inflow has a negative impact. In the short term, the exchange rate and GDP growth were found to influence the growth of the pharmaceutical industry positively. Bidirectional causality between the growth of the pharmaceutical industry and the exchange rate was also identified using the Granger causality approach. Research limitations/implications This paper emphasizes developing the policy as well as making concrete decisions regarding the development of the pharmaceutical industry and economic development in Bangladesh. The results also highlight the necessity for strategic macroeconomic management to support this sector’s long-term development and global competitiveness. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is conducted to identify the short- and long-run relationship of pharmaceutical industry development with the economic indicators and progress, where no study has been found on this dimension.

show abstract

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the pharmaceutical industry’s growth relate to Bangladesh’s macroeconomic stability?

Rahman,

Subat

et al. 2023

IJPHM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Measuring and quantifying the level of health and wellbeing within countries is a long-term subject of research of many research teams, economists, and international institutions ( 1 – 6 ). Many authors point to procedural and methodological difficulties of these measurements ( 7 – 9 ). Similarly, knowledge of countries' health systems and their determinants is a very important aspect in this process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Health and Wellbeing in the European Union

Gavurová

Megyesiova

2022

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAltogether, 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are an urgent call for action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all. Goal 3 is crucial in terms of good health and wellbeing. The main aim of this study is to analyze and evaluate differences among indicators of SDG 3: Sustainable health and wellbeing in the EU countries.MethodsThe status and development of the EU Member States regarding their successes or failures in terms of Goal 3 were subjected to analysis. Altogether, 11 indicators were used to rank the EU countries using the TOPSIS and ranking methods. The ranks were assigned to the countries in two periods. The first period is related to the time from 2010 till 2014, and the second period from 2015 till 2019.ResultsThe EU countries achieved a positive development in 10 of 11 indicators that monitor the achievement of the EU in terms of Goal 3. The only variable that changed negatively was the obesity rate. Positivity was observed in the decline of the standardized preventable and treatable mortality, which declined from 317.3 in the first period to 295 in the second period; the drop of the population weighted annual mean concentration of fine particulate PM2.5, from 16.4 to 13.6 μg/m3, and also in the increase of the share of people with good or very good perceived health, which was combined with a decrease of the self-reported unmet need for medical examination and care. The best-rated country in terms of SDG 3 was, in both periods, Sweden, while the worst-rated was Latvia.ConclusionsGovernments and institutions in the EU can intervene to increase the accessibility and quality of the health care system, but every citizen should try to do their best to reduce some of the risk factors, such as smoking or obesity, to try living healthier and to help to achieve higher ambitions in terms of sustainable health and wellbeing.

show abstract

“…Although pharmaceutical expenditure in the most OECD countries covers spending on prescription and over-the-counter medicines consumed as outpatient treatment [ 8 ], pharmaceutical expenditure in Iran is included pharmaceutical spending on outpatient and inpatient medicines. Empirical studies have shown that there is a strong relationship between GDP and pharmaceutical sector profits and health expenditure in general [ 19 ]. On the other hand, health expenditure and GDP have a reciprocal relationship in each country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation the determinants of pharmaceutical expenditure share of GDP in Iran and selected OECD countries

Kadkhodamanesh

Varahrami

Zarei

et al. 2021

J of Pharm Policy and Pract

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim This study estimated the GDP share of pharmaceuticals in Iran based on the drivers of pharmaceutical expenditure and compared it with that of 31 members of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Subject and methods The factors contributing to pharmaceutical expenditure were identified through literature review and studied by 8 experts to classify the factors. Then, using the panel data method, a model was built to estimate the GDP share of pharmaceutical expenditure based on the extracted factors of the selected countries in Iran’s model. To explain the observed differences, several regression analyses were performed based on cross-sectional data. The analyses were performed using EVIEWS software, version 10. Results The explanatory variables for the selected countries in the panel model (R2 = 0.98) were specified. Government health expenditure (β = 0.1432), the share of generic drugs (β = − 0.0143), gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (β = − 0.0058) and the rate of disability-adjusted life-years (DALY) (β = 0.0028) contributed most to pharmaceutical expenditure. In comparison, in the Iranian estimation model (R2 = 0.84), government health expenditure (β = 0.0536) and the share of generic drugs (β = 0.0369) had a significant impact on pharmaceutical expenditure. In the estimation model with more estimators for Iran (R2 = 0.99), government health expenditure (β = 0.1694), disease prevalence (β = 0.0537), the share of generic drugs (β = 0.0102), the DALY rate (β = 0.0039), GDP per capita (β = − 0.0033), and the drug price index (β = 0.0007) contribute most to pharmaceutical expenditure. Conclusion In the models of the study, factors related to the structure of the healthcare system and the pharmaceutical system contributed most to pharmaceutical expenditure as a share of GDP. Moreover, disease profiles show its predictive role in the second model for Iran.

show abstract

Evolution of GDP and its impact on the pharmaceutical sector of Ecuador (2007-2016)

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Does the pharmaceutical industry’s growth relate to Bangladesh’s macroeconomic stability?

Does the pharmaceutical industry’s growth relate to Bangladesh’s macroeconomic stability?

Sustainable Health and Wellbeing in the European Union

Investigation the determinants of pharmaceutical expenditure share of GDP in Iran and selected OECD countries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About