Evolution of HF etching rate of borosilicate glass by friction-induced damages

Qiao, Qian; He, Hongtu; Yu, Jiaxin

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144789

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…More details of sample cleaning procedure could be found in our previous publications. 8,32,33 All wear tests were performed using an environment-controlled universal ball-on-flat reciprocating tribometer (MFT-3000, Rtec). The Pyrex glass sphere and SLS glass substrate were immersed in aqueous solutions in the liquid cell of the tribometer, as shown in Figure S1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To remove the surface contamination on the sample surfaces which may affect the friction and wear behavior, both the SLS glass substrate and the Pyrex glass sphere were ultrasonically cleaned sequentially in acetone and ethanol solutions, and finally rinsed by deionized water before drying with dry nitrogen gas. More details of sample cleaning procedure could be found in our previous publications 8,32,33 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergy between surface mechanochemistry and subsurface dissolution on wear of soda lime silica glass in basic solution

Qiao

et al. 2020

J. Am. Ceram. Soc.

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The polishing of oxide glass in aqueous solution is sensitive to not only the mechanical conditions applied by abrasives but also the chemistry of solution. This study elucidates the synergistic interactions of mechanical and chemical effects-especially, the synergetic effects of surface mechanochemical wear and subsurface dissolution are studied by measuring the material removal rate of soda lime silica (SLS) glass upon rubbing with a Pyrex glass ball in noncorrosive (neutral pH) in corrosive solutions (pH 10 and 13 NaOH) as a function of sliding speed. Based on the synergetic model of surface wear and subsurface dissolution, it is found that the mechanochemical surface reaction dominates the wear behavior of SLS glass in neutral and pH 10 solution conditions; the wear of SLS glass in pH 10 is enhanced, compared to the neutral pH case, due to the presence of OHions at the sliding interface. In the case of pH 13, the dissolution of the densified subsurface region, which is formed due to interfacial friction during the surface wear, becomes significant, further enhancing the material removal yield. The finding provides an insight for designing an efficient polishing process in manufacturing of oxide glass materials with a good surface finish.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy between surface mechanochemistry and subsurface dissolution on wear of soda lime silica glass in basic solution

Qiao

et al. 2020

J. Am. Ceram. Soc.

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“…Spierings [1] showed that defects like micro cracks or locally differing glass compositions have a significant influence on the HF etching process and the resulting surface morphology. Those flaws or production related surface contaminations influence the frosting [14]. Therefore, they may cause an inhomogeneous frosting result and lead to an increased scrap rate.…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those flaws or production-related surface contaminations influence the frosting. 14 Therefore, they may cause an inhomogeneous frosting result and lead to an increased scrap rate. A reduction of these defects on the frosted glass surface can be obtained by treating the glass ware in a stripping bath (referred to as preliminary bath in this study), which removes contaminations and homogenizes the surface.…”

Section: Kleinermentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and semi‐automatic evaluation of a frosting process for a soda lime silicate glass based on phosphoric acid

Kleiner

2021

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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Chemical glass frosting processes are widely used to create visual attractive glass surfaces. A commonly used frosting bath mainly contains ammonium bifluoride (NH 4 HF 2) mixed with hydrochloric acid (HCl). The frosting process consists of several baths. Firstly, the preliminary bath to clean the object. Secondly, the frosting bath which etches the rough light scattering structure into the glass surface. Finally, the washing baths to clean the frosted object. This is where the constituents of the preceding steps accumulate and have to be filtered from the sewage. In the present contribution, phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) was used as a substitute for HCl to reduce the amount of ammonium (NH 4 +) and chloride (Cl-) dissolved in the waste water. In combination with magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3), it allows the precipitation of ammonium within the sewage as ammonium magnesium phosphate (MgNH 4 PO 4). However, a trivial replacement of HCl by H 3 PO 4 within the frosting process causes extensive frosting errors, such as inhomogeneous size distributions of the structures or domains that are not fully covered by these structures. By modifying the preliminary bath composition, it was possible to improve the frosting result considerably. To determine the optimal composition of the preliminary bath, a semi-automatic evaluation method has been developed. This method renders the objective comparison of the resulting surface quality possible.

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“…However, the COF of nitride H-13 steel at the macroscale was found to be lower than that for the pristine H-13 steel, although the wear depth of nitride H-13 steel was higher than that of the pristine sample owing to increased material exfoliation. For semiconductors, Yu et al [9,10,[14][15][16] found that the surface hydrophilicity exhibited a critical effect on the nanotribological properties of Si(100): The interfacial water-film increased both the capillary force and friction force, as well as water-related tribo-chemical wear. However, the surface hydrophilicity hardly affected the macro-tribological performance of Si(100) because asperities can easily penetrate the interfacial water-film owing to the very high local contact-pressure due to the multiasperity contact [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of the tribological properties of phosphate glass at the nano- and macro-scales

et al. 2020

Friction

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Processing (grinding, polishing) of phosphate laser (PL) glass involves material removal at two vastly different (spatial) scales. In this study, the nano- and macro-tribological properties of PL glass are investigated by rubbing the glass against a SiO2 counter-surface in both dry and humid conditions. The results indicate that the friction of the PL glass/SiO2 pair has opposing trends at the nano- and macro-scales. At the nanoscale, the friction coefficient (COF) in humid air is much higher than in dry air, which is attributed to the capillary effect of the absorbed water-film at the interface. At the macroscale, on the other hand, the COF in humid air is lower than in dry air, because the water-related mechanochemical wear makes the worn surface less susceptible to cracking. Material removal for PL glass is better facilitated by humid air than by dry air at both scales, because the stress-enhanced hydrolysis accelerates the material-removal process in glass. Moreover, the material-removal is more sensitive to contact pressure at the macroscale, because stronger mechanical-interaction occurs during material removal at the macroscale with the multi asperity contact mode. At the macroscale, the material removal is more sensitive to contact pressure in humid air compared to dry air. Because almost all mechanical energy is used to remove material in humid air, and most of the mechanical energy is used to produce cracks in PL glass in dry air. The results of this study can help optimize the multi-scale surface processing of optical glasses.

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Evolution of HF etching rate of borosilicate glass by friction-induced damages

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Synergy between surface mechanochemistry and subsurface dissolution on wear of soda lime silica glass in basic solution

Synergy between surface mechanochemistry and subsurface dissolution on wear of soda lime silica glass in basic solution

Optimization and semi‐automatic evaluation of a frosting process for a soda lime silicate glass based on phosphoric acid

Quantitative analysis of the tribological properties of phosphate glass at the nano- and macro-scales

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