Evolution of Microsporogenesis in Angiosperms

Furness, Carol A.; Rudall, Paula J.; Sampson, F. B.

doi:10.1086/338322

Cited by 134 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Traits shared in a potentially homoplasious fashion with derived angiosperms above the ANITA grade include a seven-celled/eight-nucleate female gametophyte (Figs. 6A, C, D) and presumably triploid endosperm; an orthotropous ovule with cup-shaped outer integument (Endress and Igersheim 2000; Yamada et al 2001); and successive microsporogenesis (Furness et al 2002). These and other morphological characters (Doyle and Endress 2000;Sampson 2000;Endress 2001;Hesse 2001) indicate that monotypic Amborellaceae may be highly apomorphic, an obvious reminder that basal taxa need not be plesiomorphic taxa.…”

Section: The Distribution Of Female Gametophyte Types In Anitagrade Amentioning

confidence: 97%

Modularity of the Angiosperm Female Gametophyte and Its Bearing on the Early Evolution of Endosperm in Flowering Plants

Friedman

Williams

2003

Evolution

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Abstract. The monosporic seven-celled/eight-nucleate Polygonum-type female gametophyte has long served as a focal point for discussion of the origin and subsequent evolution of the angiosperm female gametophyte. In Polygonumtype female gametophytes, two haploid female nuclei are incorporated into the central cell, and fusion of a sperm cell with the binucleate central cell produces a triploid endosperm with a complement of two maternal and one paternal genomes, characteristic of most angiosperms. We document the development of a four-celled/four-nucleate female gametophyte in Nuphar polysepala (Engelm.) and infer its presence in many other ancient lineages of angiosperms. The central cell of the female gametophyte in these taxa contains only one haploid nucleus; thus endosperm is diploid and has a ratio of one maternal to one paternal genome. Based on comparisons among flowering plants, we conclude that the angiosperm female gametophyte is constructed of modular developmental subunits. Each module is characterized by a common developmental pattern: (1) positioning of a single nucleus within a cytoplasmic domain (pole) of the female gametophyte; (2) two free-nuclear mitoses to yield four nuclei within that domain; and (3) partitioning of three uninucleate cells adjacent to the pole such that the fourth nucleus is confined to the central region of the female gametophyte (central cell). Within the basal angiosperm lineages Nymphaeales and Illiciales, female gametophytes are characterized by a single developmental module that produces a four-celled/four-nucleate structure with a haploid uninucleate central cell. A second pattern, typical of Amborella and the overwhelming majority of eumagnoliids, monocots, and eudicots, involves the early establishment of two developmental modules that produce a sevencelled/eight-nucleate female gametophyte with two haploid nuclei in the central cell. Comparative analysis of ontogenetic sequences suggests that the seven-celled female gametophyte (two modules) evolved by duplication and ectopic expression of an ancestral Nuphar-like developmental module within the chalazal domain of the female gametophyte. These analyses indicate that the first angiosperm female gametophytes were composed of a single developmental module, which upon double fertilization yielded a diploid endosperm. Early in angiosperm history this basic module was duplicated, and resulted in a seven-celled/eight-nucleate female gametophyte, which yielded a triploid endosperm with the characteristic 2:1 maternal to paternal genome ratio.

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Section: The Distribution Of Female Gametophyte Types In Anitagrade Amentioning

confidence: 97%

Modularity of the Angiosperm Female Gametophyte and Its Bearing on the Early Evolution of Endosperm in Flowering Plants

Friedman

Williams

2003

Evolution

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“…Microsporogenesis can be divided into two broad classes: (1) simultaneous, in which the first meiotic division is followed immediately by the second, with a wall of callose that is deposited subsequently around all four tetrahedrally arranged microspores; and (2) successive, in which a callose wall is deposited around the dyad formed by the first meiotic division, before the second division occurs. Simultaneous microsporogenesis usually is associated with eudicots, whereas successive microsporogenesis is associated with monocots, although to a lesser extent, because of several evolutionary reversals (Furness et al, 2002). Microspore alignment within the callose wall is important on several levels, including internal vegetative and generative cell polarity (Twell et al, 1998), the release of pollen as a monad, tetrad, or cluster, and exine sculpting and aperture position.…”

Section: Pollen Walls: Generating Structural Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen and Stigma Structure and Function: The Role of Diversity in Pollination

Edlund

Swanson

Preuss

2004

THE PLANT CELL ONLINE

493

431

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“…In the successive type, a callose wall is deposited after the first meiotic division, forming a dyad, so that the two nuclei undergoing the second meiotic division are separated. In the simultaneous type, the first meiotic division is followed directly by the second, and then cytokinesis and callose deposition occur, forming four microspores (Furness et al, 2002). Although cytokinesis is predominantly of the successive type among monocotyledons, Furness and Rudall (1999) demonstrated that microsporogenesis is a significant character at the ordinal level, and simultaneous microsporogenesis has evolved independently in several monocot groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although cytokinesis is predominantly of the successive type among monocotyledons, Furness and Rudall (1999) demonstrated that microsporogenesis is a significant character at the ordinal level, and simultaneous microsporogenesis has evolved independently in several monocot groups. The arrangement of the four microspores is varied, resulting in differently shaped tetrads (Furness et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal microspore production after cell fusion in Brachiaria jubata (Gramineae)

et al. 2003

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Cytogenetic studies were carried out on 22 accessions of Brachiaria jubata from the Embrapa Beef Cattle Brachiaria collection. One accession was diploid (2n = 2x = 18) and the remaining 21 were tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36). Among five tetraploid accessions, a specific and constant pattern of cell fusion involving only two microsporocytes was recorded. Meiosis proceeded normally from prophase I to the end, giving rise to an octad with normal microspores that developed into fertile pollen grains. Regular octad formation was possible because each cellular chromosome set was maintained in its proper domain, spindles were correctly positioned, and cytokinesis planes were formed in the correct places. Such behavior of meiosis in syncytes has never been reported in any other plant species.

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Evolution of Microsporogenesis in Angiosperms

Cited by 134 publications

References 122 publications

Modularity of the Angiosperm Female Gametophyte and Its Bearing on the Early Evolution of Endosperm in Flowering Plants

Modularity of the Angiosperm Female Gametophyte and Its Bearing on the Early Evolution of Endosperm in Flowering Plants

Pollen and Stigma Structure and Function: The Role of Diversity in Pollination

Normal microspore production after cell fusion in Brachiaria jubata (Gramineae)

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