Evolution of Nonmetallic Inclusions during the Electroslag Remelting Process

Abstract

The evolution of inclusions during the electroslag remelting (ESR) process, especially the inclusions in droplets is investigated by an industrial trial which remelts a plain carbon steel billet in the slag of CaF2–Al2O3–CaO–MgO. Results show that oxide inclusions change from SiO2–MnO to Al2O3–MnO during the ESR process. The transfer of aluminum from the slag to the steel increases the aluminum content in the steel and causes the reaction between (MnO), (SiO2) in inclusions with the [Al] in the steel to generate (Al2O3) inclusions. Thermodynamic results show that inclusion evolution is mainly influenced by the temperature and the total Al content in the steel. With the increase in temperature at the electrode tip, the MnO content in inclusions increases rapidly. Meanwhile, as the aluminum transfers from the slag to the steel, the Al2O3 inclusion increases clearly with the corresponding decrease in MnO and SiO2 inclusions. In addition, from the electrode to the ingot, the number density of inclusions decreases from 208.82 to 33.49 # mm−2, whereas the average size increases from 3.79 to 5.76 μm. Both the chemical modification and the physical absorption of slag mainly occur at the liquid film and droplet stage.

Analysis of defects and non-metallic inclusions distribution in high-strength TWIP steel Fe-25Mn-12Al-1.5C after electroslag remelting

“…Сучасний стан досліджень щодо створення умов для встановлення характеру взаємодії між сталлю, шлаком і неметалевими включеннями досить докладно описано у роботах [13,[17][18][19][20][21]. Так, неметалеві включення (НВ) в металі, що переплавляється, представлені переважно оксидами, сульфідами, частково -оксисульфідами і оксинітридами.…”

Numerical Simulation on Motion Behavior of Inclusions in the Lab-Scale Electroslag Remelting Process with a Vibrating Electrode

“…Therefore, we selected the MnO and Al 2 O 3 inclusions with large density, which are different from research object studied in Refs. [16,17]. Details of the liquid-metal and slag-layer properties, geometry, and operating parameters used in the simulation are listed in Table 1 [8,9,12,18,19].…”

Morphology Refinement of Eutectic Carbides Assisted by Static Magnetic Field during Laboratory Electroslag Remelting Process

“…The electroslag remelting (ESR) approach is a commonly applied secondary refining process that regulates the solidification structure of high-alloy steel. [13][14][15] During the ESR process, the electrode melts and the molten metal crystallizes simultaneously. The casting segregation and solidification structure are considerably improved through intense cooling at the bottom and side of the mold.…”