Evolution of polarity protein BASL and the capacity for stomatal lineage asymmetric divisions

Nir, I.; Amador, Gabriel; Gong, Yan; Smoot, Nicole K.; Cai, Le; Shohat, Hagai; Bergmann, Dominique C.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.11.013

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In the Arabidopsis stomatal lineage, cell polarity and cytoskeleton-mediated nuclear migration and ACDs are regulated by a different set of polarity genes ( Guo et al, 2021b ; Muroyama and Bergmann, 2019 ; Ramalho et al, 2022 ). Breaking of asymmetry in the stomatal lineage (BASL), a dicot-specific protein, serves as an intrinsic polarity factor to regulate ACDs of meristemoid mother cells and forms a polarity crescent distal to the division plane ( Dong et al, 2009 ; Nir et al, 2022 ). BASL promotes polarisation of BREVIS RADIX (BRX) family proteins and POLAR LOCALIZATION DURING ASYMMETRIC DIVISION AND REDISTRIBUTION (POLAR) within its own polarity domain ( Pillitteri et al, 2011 ; Rowe et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opposite polarity programs regulate asymmetric subsidiary cell divisions in grasses

Zhang

Spiegelhalder

Abrash

et al. 2022

eLife

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Grass stomata recruit lateral subsidiary cells (SCs), which are key to the unique stomatal morphology and the efficient plant-atmosphere gas exchange in grasses. Subsidiary mother cells (SMCs) strongly polarise before an asymmetric division forms a SC. Yet apart from a proximal polarity module that includes PANGLOSS1 (PAN1) and guides nuclear migration, little is known regarding the developmental processes that form SCs. Here, we used comparative transcriptomics of developing wild-type and SC-less bdmute leaves in the genetic model grass Brachypodium distachyon to identify novel factors involved in SC formation. This approach revealed BdPOLAR, which forms a novel, distal polarity domain in SMCs that is opposite to the proximal PAN1 domain. Both polarity domains are required for the formative SC division yet exhibit various roles in guiding pre-mitotic nuclear migration and SMC division plane orientation, respectively. Nonetheless, the domains are linked as the proximal domain controls polarisation of the distal domain. In summary, we identified two opposing polarity domains that coordinate the SC division, a process crucial for grass stomatal physiology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opposite polarity programs regulate asymmetric subsidiary cell divisions in grasses

Zhang

Spiegelhalder

Abrash

et al. 2022

eLife

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“…We observed a similar size bias between self-renewing and differentiating meristemoids (Figure S3), suggesting size-restricted stomatal differentiation may be a conserved feature of leaf development across land plants. In tomato, meristemoids can also undergo non-stomatal differentiation into pavement cells (Figure S3A, (Nir et al, 2022)). As there is no size bias in this differentiation pathway (Figure S3B), size control appears to be a specific feature of stomatal differentiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cell size threshold triggers commitment to stomatal fate inArabidopsis

Gong

Dale

Fung

et al. 2022

Preprint

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How flexible developmental programs integrate information from internal and external factors to modulate stem cell behavior is a fundamental question in developmental biology. Cells of the Arabidopsis stomatal lineage modify the balance of stem cell proliferation and differentiation to adjust the size and cell type composition of mature leaves. Here, we report that meristemoids, one type of stomatal lineage stem cell, trigger the transition from asymmetric self-renewing divisions to commitment and terminal differentiation by crossing a critical cell size threshold. Through computational simulation, we demonstrate that this cell size-mediated transition allows robust, yet flexible termination of stem cell proliferation and we observe adjustments in the number of divisions before the differentiation threshold under several genetic manipulations. We experimentally evaluate several mechanisms for cell size sensing, and our data suggest that cell size is sensed via a chromatin ruler acting in the nucleus.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stomatal lineage-like cells (Lineage Precursors, LPs) can be recognized by cell size and shape and tissue organization, time-course experiments and retrospective lineage tracing, and molecular markers (Gong et al, 2021;Nir et al, 2022). In the absence of molecular markers, such as in Figure 3, we relied on cell size and shape and on tissue context.For time-course (lineage tracing) experiments starting at radicle protrusion, germinating seeds were gently dissected 24-36 hours after moving to light, and the seedling was placed in water between to coverslips with vacuum grease providing mechanical support.…”

Section: Sample Preparation Microscopy and Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow and not so furious: de novo stomatal pattern formation during plant embryogenesis

Smit

Vatén

Mair

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The fates of cells on the leaf surface depend on positional cues and environmental signals. New stomata are formed away from existing ones to prevent disadvantageous clustering, but how are the initial precursors positioned? Mature embryos do not have stomata, but we provide transcriptomic, imaging, and genetic evidence that Arabidopsis embryos engage known stomatal fate and patterning factors to create regularly spaced stomatal precursor cells. Analysis of embryos from 35 plant species indicates this trait is conserved across angiosperm clades. Embryonic stomatal patterning in Arabidopsis is established in three stages: first broad SPEECHLESS (SPCH) expression, then coalescence of SPCH and its targets into discrete domains, and finally one round of symmetric division to create stomatal precursors. Lineage progression is then halted until after germination. We show that embryonic stomatal pattern enables quick stomatal differentiation and photosynthetic activity upon germination but also guides the formation of additional stomata as the leaf expands. In addition, key stomatal regulators are prevented from driving the fate transitions they can induce after germination, revealing stage-specific layers of regulation that control lineage progression during embryogenesis.

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Evolution of polarity protein BASL and the capacity for stomatal lineage asymmetric divisions

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Opposite polarity programs regulate asymmetric subsidiary cell divisions in grasses

Opposite polarity programs regulate asymmetric subsidiary cell divisions in grasses

A cell size threshold triggers commitment to stomatal fate inArabidopsis

Slow and not so furious: de novo stomatal pattern formation during plant embryogenesis

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