Evolution of retail formats: Past, present, and future

Gauri, Dinesh K.; Jindal, Rupinder Paul; Ratchford, Brian T.; Fox, Edward J.; Bhatnagar, Amit; Pandey, Aashish; Navallo, Jonathan R.; Fogarty, John E.; Carr, Stephen Howard; Howerton, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.jretai.2020.11.002

Cited by 130 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Within the increasing types of offline and online retail formats, immersive retail including AR and VR is attracting investment from brands and retailers, and the attention of academics (Gauri et al, 2021). In particular, AR allows "customers to see how a particular product looks in a simulated real-life environment" (Gauri et al, 2021, p. 12).…”

Section: Theoretical Framework and Hypotheses Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of adoption of AR-based self-service technologies: a two country comparison

Bigné

2021

IJRDM

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PurposeThis paper proposes a model that extends the technology acceptance model (TAM) by identifying factors that influence consumers' acceptance of augmented reality (AR) self-service technologies (AR-based SSTs) in the retail sector, resulting in the Augmented Reality in Retail Model (ARiR Model).Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on an online questionnaire responded to by 284 makeup-using women from Nicaragua and the USA. It is based on an AR mobile app used to shop in retail stores. Partial least squares-structural equation modelling was used to validate the ARiR model and test the hypotheses.FindingsAesthetics and navigation are significant predictors of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use (PEOU), and self-efficacy also explains perceived ease of use. Technology readiness and the need for personal interaction were not found to be influencing factors. A cross-cultural comparison indicated that both countries have similar overall attitudes towards AR-based SSTs.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper provides insights into the perceived value of, and motives for customer acceptance of, AR-based SSTs, which can serve as guidelines for their future implementation. Furthermore, it validates and confirms the application of the proposed ARiR model for technology acceptance in both developed and developing countries.Practical implicationsThe paper provides new insights for retailers on the implementation of AR at the point of sale.Originality/valueThe model extends the original TAM to AR and introduces five new constructs: need for personal interaction, aesthetics, navigation, self-efficacy and technology readiness. It was tested in both a developing and a developed country.

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Section: Theoretical Framework and Hypotheses Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of adoption of AR-based self-service technologies: a two country comparison

Bigné

2021

IJRDM

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“…Instead the aim is to create a physical store that reduces friction in the customer journey (e.g. Gauri et al , 2020) by removing inconveniences associated with other formats in the retail portfolio. The concept store format, hence, represents a hybrid in discussions of store formats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sherry, 1998;Sherry et al, 2001;Borghini et al, 2009). Concept stores, however, tend more towards the first of Gauri et al's (2020) two suggested paths. Although they are experience-based rather than sales-driven, concept stores seek to inspire rather than to excite by offering task-oriented shoppers a more ordinary shopping experience featuring targeted selections of products (e.g.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their recent study of the evolution of retail formats, Gauri et al noted that new retail formats should choose between one of two paths: “either (1) reduce friction in the consumer's shopping process or (2) enhance the shopping experience” (2020, p. 8). In other words, they should either make the customer journey easier or more exciting.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ease or excitement? Exploring how concept stores contribute to a retail portfolio

Egan-Wyer

Burt

Hultman

et al. 2021

IJRDM

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PurposeThe study aims to explore how concept stores (theoretically) differ from other experience-based retail formats, and hence, how they (practically) contribute to a diversified retail store portfolio.Design/methodology/approachCase study based on semi-structured, qualitative interviews with seven IKEA retail managers, three industry experts and 26 customers of IKEA concept stores in London and Stockholm.FindingsThe concept store represents a conceptual departure from other experiential store formats. It is neither fully experiential in the sense that it is not only about marketing communications nor is it sales or profit-focused. Its aim is to be an accessible touchpoint that reduces friction on a diversified customer journey with its value to the retail portfolio being that it attracts new and latent customers, mitigates existing inhibiting factors and drives them to other touchpoints.Research limitations/implicationsIdeas about the different characteristics of new store formats and their potential to shape the customer experience are extended. New formats reflect innovation in retailing and are part of a retail portfolio which generates different customer expectations and determinants from traditional store formats which provide the customers' existing reference point.Practical implicationsThe contributions of new formats should be evaluated in light of other existing formats in the portfolio and not isolated. This is particularly true when considering format cannibalisation and the potentially extended customer journey that arises when customers use traditional format stores and new concept format stores simultaneously.Originality/valuePrevious research, using sales metrics and market-based results as performance determinants, suggests negative outcomes for format diversification. Our study suggests that the contributions of the concept store format should be viewed from an overall customer journey perspective and the “performance” of different format based touchpoints are not best captured through traditional sales evaluation methods.

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“…Meeting consumer needs through retailing is one of LSCM's key outputs (Grant 2012) but if the discipline has lost its way (Esper et al 2020) retailers and their LSCM partners may have missed a significant demographic shift. This reflects a call by Gauri et al (2021) for retailers to evolve through developing consumer-centric formats both online and in physical stores that will lead to integrated channels in future. There are six consumer generations: Silent (born between 1925and 1945), Baby Boomers (1946-1964), Generation X (1965-1979), Millennials or Generation Y (1980-1994), Generation Z (1995-2012, and now Generation Alpha (born after 2012).…”

Section: Changing Consumer Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A brave new world for retail logistics and SCM in the 2020s and beyond

Grant

Banomyong

Gibson

2021

International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications

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This perspective paper considers the current state of retail and retail logistics and supply chain management to discuss what the future may hold for it through four important issues: changing consumer expectations, the impact of e-commerce, and the relationship with the natural environment all of which are influenced by the economic environment. These issues apply to retailing globally and have been exacerbated by events such as the global COVID-19 pandemic, and examples are provided from various retail markets to illustrate them. Retailers will need to think strategically how to adapt their business models to address these issues by recognising the needs of new consumer segments, focussing on niche service and products to avoid direct clashes with larger physical store and Internet retailers, embracing more fully opportunities in e-commerce, and ensuring their activities are sustainable economically, socially and ecologically.

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Evolution of retail formats: Past, present, and future

Cited by 130 publications

References 67 publications

A model of adoption of AR-based self-service technologies: a two country comparison

A model of adoption of AR-based self-service technologies: a two country comparison

Ease or excitement? Exploring how concept stores contribute to a retail portfolio

A brave new world for retail logistics and SCM in the 2020s and beyond

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