Evolution of secondary metabolites from an ecological and molecular phylogenetic perspective

Wink, Michael

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(03)00300-5

Cited by 1,158 publications

(854 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Assuming that the production of DA as a secondary metabolite is costly, it is more likely to be maintained by natural selection if it has several functions (Wink, 2003). In the present study, no costs of producing DA were observed, as there were no differences in growth rates between the highly toxic and the less toxic cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Induction of domoic acid production in the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia seriata by calanoid copepods

et al. 2015

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a b s t r a c tThe toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia seriata was exposed directly and indirectly (separated by a membrane) to copepods, Calanus hyperboreus and C. finmarchicus, to evaluate the effects of the copepods on domoic acid production and chain formation in P. seriata. The toxicity of P. seriata increased in the presence of the copepods. This response was chemically mediated without physical contact between the organisms suggesting that it was induced by potential waterborne cues from the copepods or changes in water chemistry. Domoic acid production may be related to defense against grazing in P. seriata although it was not shown in the present study. To evaluate if the induction of domoic acid production was mediated by the chemical cues from damaged P. seriata cells, live P. seriata cells were exposed to a P. seriata cell homogenate, but no effect was observed. Chain formation in P. seriata was affected only when in direct contact with the copepods. This study suggests that the presence of zooplankton may be one of the factors affecting the toxicity of Pseudo-nitzschia blooms in the field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Induction of domoic acid production in the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia seriata by calanoid copepods

et al. 2015

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“…This is best exemplified by the diversification of genes involve in plant secondary metabolism through gene duplication [152,153]. Such gene duplication events offer a great opportunity for studying gene evolution [154,155]. In particular, studying the diverse functions of families of paralogous plant SET genes in plant development is likely to provide new insight to the molecular and functional evolution of proteins containing the SET and other auxiliary domains.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant SET domain-containing proteins: Structure, function and regulation

Wang

Chandrasekharan

et al. 2007

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expres

176

195

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Modification of the histone proteins that form the core around which chromosomal DNA is looped has profound epigenetic effects on the accessibility of the associated DNA for transcription, replication and repair. The SET domain is now recognized as generally having methyltransferase activity targeted to specific lysine residues of histone H3 or H4. There is considerable sequence conservation within the SET domain and within its flanking regions. Previous reviews have shown that SET proteins from Arabidopsis and maize fall into five classes according to their sequence and domain architectures. These classes generally reflect specificity for a particular substrate. SET proteins from rice were found to fall into similar groupings, strengthening the merit of the approach taken. Two additional classes, VI and VII, were established that include proteins with truncated/ interrupted SET domains. Diverse mechanisms are involved in shaping the function and regulation of SET proteins. These include protein-protein interactions through both intra-and inter-molecular associations that are important in plant developmental processes, such as flowering time control and embryogenesis. Alternative splicing that can result in the generation of two to several different transcript isoforms is now known to be widespread. An exciting and tantalizing question is whether, or how, this alternative splicing affects gene function. For example, it is conceivable that one isoform may debilitate methyltransferase function whereas the other may enhance it, providing an opportunity for differential regulation. The review concludes with the speculation that modulation of SET protein function is mediated by antisense or sense-antisense RNA.

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“…8 Em contraste com o metabolismo primário, relacionado a processos de crescimento e obtenção de energia, comuns a todos os seres vivos, o metabolismo secundário relaciona-se à produção de substâncias envolvidas na defesa contra predadores e agentes patogênicos e na atração de agentes polinizadores. 8,23,24 Como as plantas são sésseis, estas desenvolveram um diversificado arsenal químico, através do qual interagem com o meio e se defendem contra ameaças. Portanto, os metabólitos secundários surgiram como resultado da interação dos vegetais com o ambiente e evoluíram ao longo de 140 milhões de anos.…”

Section: Origem Evolutiva Da Sinergia Entre Metabólitos Secundários Vunclassified

Synergistic Interactions in Natural Products: Therapeutic Potential and Challenges

Casanova

Costa

2017

Rev. Virtual Quim.

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http://rvq.sbq.org.br Synergistic Interactions in Natural Products: Therapeutic Potential and ChallengesAbstract: Medicinal plants are important source of therapeutic resources, as evidenced by several drugs prepared from substances of vegetal origin or inspired on pharmacophores of natural substances. However, herbal extracts frequently exhibit more pronounced biological activities than their isolated constituents. This often results from the synergistic interactions between these components that can act generally on multiple targets. The synergy between drugs has been explored in recent years for the treatment of various diseases, especially cancer and AIDS. The combination of active substances has been particularly promising in the treatment of complex diseases since it allows the simultaneous action on several targets, ensuring the efficacy and a reduced chance of resistance to the drugs used. In this context, medicinal plants and its metabolites have deserved increasing interest. Synergistic interactions, which may be observed among components of plant extracts as well as among natural products and synthetic drugs, have a significant therapeutic potential. However, suitable methods to understand these interactions are needed. Additionally, the technological application of plant products whose biological activity involves synergy requires techniques to analyze the overall composition of them. In this review, relevant examples of synergy will be discussed, with a focus on medicinal plants and bioactive secondary metabolites of plant origin. We also discuss methods applicable to synergy evaluation, as well as useful technical standardization and quality control of plant extracts whose pharmacological activity is due to multiple components.Keywords: Synergy; medicinal plants; secondary metabolites; bioactive compounds. ResumoPlantas medicinais constituem uma importante fonte de recursos terapêuticos, conforme atestam diversos medicamentos provenientes de substâncias de origem vegetal ou inspirados em seus farmacóforos. Entretanto, frequentemente, extratos de plantas medicinais exibem atividades biológicas mais pronunciadas que seus constituintes isolados. Isso se deve, muitas vezes, às interações sinérgicas entre tais componentes, envolvendo, em geral, a atuação sobre múltiplos alvos. A sinergia entre medicamentos tem sido explorada nos últimos anos para o tratamento de diversas doenças, sobretudo o câncer e a AIDS. A combinação de substâncias ativas mostra-se particularmente promissora no tratamento de doenças complexas, pois permite a atuação simultânea sobre diversos alvos, garantindo maior eficácia e menor chance de resistência aos fármacos empregados. Nesse contexto, as plantas medicinais e seus metabólitos têm sido objeto de crescente interesse. Interações sinérgicas, que podem ser observadas tanto entre componentes de extratos vegetais quanto entre produtos naturais e fármacos sintéticos, apresentam significante potencial terapêutico. Entretanto, são necessários métodos de estudo adequados para compreend...

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Evolution of secondary metabolites from an ecological and molecular phylogenetic perspective

Cited by 1,158 publications

References 29 publications

Induction of domoic acid production in the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia seriata by calanoid copepods

Induction of domoic acid production in the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia seriata by calanoid copepods

Plant SET domain-containing proteins: Structure, function and regulation

Synergistic Interactions in Natural Products: Therapeutic Potential and Challenges

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