Evolution of subgroup A respiratory syncytial virus: evidence for progressive accumulation of amino acid changes in the attachment protein

Cane, Patricia A.; Pringle, C. R.

doi:10.1128/jvi.69.5.2918-2925.1995

Cited by 184 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Likewise, LZY42 from the 2008-2009 season is most closely related to NG/153/03 from Japan, isolated in 2003. These results confirm a previous study that strains isolated in the same place during the same epidemic season may be distantly related (10,12,39). No apparent temporal or geographic relationship was found, however, between China strains and other foreign strains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in China

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2010

J Clin Microbiol

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Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) among infants and young children worldwide and is also a major cause of morbidity in children under 1 year of age (2). Bronchiolitis and pneumonia, which are attributed to HRSV infection, are observed most frequently during the first few months of life (7). Almost all children are infected with HRSV by 2 years of age, and half of all children experience two infections (8, 13).Based on genetic and antigenic variations in structural proteins, HRSV isolates have been subdivided into two major antigenic groups (i.e., A and B), and both subgroups are associated with different severities of infection (15,18,(22)(23)(24). The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence similarities are 67% and 53% between group A and group B strains, respectively (11, 19). Antigenic variability is thought to contribute to the capacity of the virus to infect people repeatedly and cause yearly outbreaks. These characteristics may pose a challenge for vaccine design and development (27). The G protein, a surface-expressed glycoprotein that is associated with attachment of the virus, shows the largest antigenic and genetic differences between the two antigenic HRSV subgroups and is one of the targets for neutralization and protective antibody responses (1, 19). The G protein contains two hypervariable regions; the second variable region, which corresponds to the C-terminal region of the G protein (HVR2), reflects overall G protein gene variability and has been analyzed in molecular epidemiological studies (9,(25)(26)(27)(28).Although HRSV has been recognized as an important agent, no effective vaccine is currently available for prophylaxis and there is no effective antiviral treatment against current HRSV infections. The importance of strain differences in relation to clinical features and vaccine development has not been fully elucidated (8,22). In the present study, 894 children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) were examined over three consecutive seasons for the presence of HRSV, and HRSV strains were genotyped by sequencing HVR2. Demographic and clinical information was collected from all patients. The prevalence and clinical and molecular characterization of HRSV genotypes were further analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODSPatients and specimens. From December 2006 to March 2009, 894 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were collected from children with ARTIs on Tuesday every week in the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, China. ARTIs were classified according to WHO definitions (38). Informed consent was obtained from the parents of all children who provided specimens. The study protocol was approved by the hospital ethics committee. All NPA specimens were collected and transported immediately to the laboratory at the National Institute for Viral

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in China

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2010

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Analogous to published reports, diversity among Cambodian HRSV group A and B strains was higher at the amino acid level than at the nucleotide level (9,48,49). It has been reported that HRSV group A strains are globally more frequent, potentially due to higher genetic variability in comparison to HRSV group B strains (34,38).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

A Study of the Genetic Variability of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) in Cambodia Reveals the Existence of a New HRSV Group B Genotype

et al. 2011

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Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization of children aged <5 years due to respiratory illness in industrialized countries, and pneumonia is the leading cause of mortality among children aged <5 years worldwide. Although HRSV was first identified in 1956, a preventative vaccine has yet to be developed. Here we report the results of the first study to investigate the circulation and genetic diversity of HRSV in Cambodia among an all-ages population over 5 consecutive years. The incidences of HRSV infection among all-ages outpatient and hospitalized populations were equivalent, at 9.5% and 8.2%, respectively. Infection was most prevalent among children aged <5 years, with bronchiolitis being the most frequently observed clinical syndrome in the same age group. Circulation of HRSV was seasonal, typically coinciding with the rainy season between July and November annually. Strains belonging to HRSV groups A and B were detected with equivalent frequencies; however, we observed a potentially biennial shift in the predominant circulating HRSV genotype. The majority of HRSV group B strains belonged to the recently described BA genotype, with the exception of 10 strains classified as belonging to a novel HRSV group B genotype, SAB4, first reported here.

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“…Of these proteins, the G protein, a type of II attachment glycoprotein of about 300 amino acids in length, is the most variable and is responsible for the differences between RSV genotypes. The G protein has two hypervariable regions, and the C-terminal region (the second hypervariable region) contains strain-specific epitopes [7][8][9]. According to the reactivity of RSV with monoclonal antibodies against G glycoprotein, the virus is divided into two major antigenic groups: group A and group B [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of genetic variability of respiratory syncytial virus groups A and B in Kuwait

et al. 2018

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequently identified viral agent in infants, children, and elderly people with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). This study is the only one of its kind in Kuwait, and its purpose was to investigate the genetic variability of the G protein gene in RSV strains prevalent in Kuwait. Respiratory samples were collected from patients with ARTIs in various hospitals in Kuwait and subjected to reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) amplifying a fragment of the G gene of RSV. A total of 305 samples were collected between January and mid-December 2016, and 77 (25.2%) were positive for RSV. Group A viruses were predominant over group B viruses; the RSV-A group was detected in 52 (67.5%) of the positive samples, while the RSV-B group was detected in 25 (32.5%) of the positive samples. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all RSV-A strains grouped into eight clusters of identical sequences of untyped strains. Twelve RSV-B strains, on the other hand, belonged to the RSV-B/BA10 genotype, while the rest were untyped. These data suggest that new and untyped strains of RSV-A group likely predominated in Kuwait and that the BA10 genotype of the RSV-B group became the dominant genotype in the 2016 season.

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Evolution of subgroup A respiratory syncytial virus: evidence for progressive accumulation of amino acid changes in the attachment protein

Cited by 184 publications

References 32 publications

Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in China

Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in China

A Study of the Genetic Variability of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) in Cambodia Reveals the Existence of a New HRSV Group B Genotype

Analysis of genetic variability of respiratory syncytial virus groups A and B in Kuwait

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