Evolution of the Gas-Vapour Phase and the Total Particulate Matter of Cigarette Smoke in a Single Puff

Ceschini, P.; Lafaye, A.

doi:10.2478/cttr-2013-0406

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The system illustrated in Figure 4 was used to determine the transducer calibration Equations [3] and [ 4]. First, transducer 2 was connected to the apparatus and a known vacuum was imposed.…”

Section: Calibration Of Flow Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Voltage signals were obtained from transducers 1 and 2 under vacuum. The coefficients in Equations [3] and [4] were then determined by linear regression analysis . The nominal vacuum produced was approximately 200-mm H 2 0.…”

Section: Calibration Of Flow Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absence of these types of measurements in the literature is testimony to their difficulty. CESCHINI (3) reported the evolution of gas phase and total particulate matter (TPM) of cigarette smoke in a single puff. The data indicate that the concentration of some individual smoke components is significantly higher at the end of the puff, whereas the TPM was approximately uniform.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Measurement of Intrapuff Nicotine Yield

Crooks

Lynm

1992

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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Time-resolved measurements of intrapuff nicotine yield in mainstream smoke have been performed with a specially designed intrapuff smoking apparatus (IPSA). The IPSA-filter traversing mechanism collects mainstream particles on a rectangular filter pad which moves at a constant velocity perpendicular to the direction of smoke flow at the mouthend of the cigarette. Filter pads were assayed by two analytical techniques. Standard gas chromatographic (GC) methodology was used to quantify nicotine mass in five equal time segments per puff. A second method, using a Berthold TLC-Linear Analyser, measured total radioactivity across the pad for samples from [2'-14C]-nicotine labelled cigarettes. Intrapuff nicotine concentrations were determined from measured puff flow-rate profiles and the collected masses of nicotine on the filters. GC nicotine concentration measurements correlated well with total activity from the scanner measurements. Studies carried out with filtered full-flavour cigarettes revealed that nicotine concentrations in the smoke vary significantly during a puff. This work provides a new technique for studying time-resolved yields of mainstream smoke components. It may potentially be used to elucidate mechanisms controlling the yield of nicotine and other mainstream smoke components.

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Section: Calibration Of Flow Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calibration Of Flow Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Measurement of Intrapuff Nicotine Yield

Crooks

Lynm

1992

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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“…Due to the complexity of cigarette smoke, most quantitative methods typically focus on fewer target compounds (12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Alternatively, to gain further understanding of cigarette smoke chemistry, several researchers have analyzed individual cigarette puffs to determine changes in smoke composition as the cigarette is smoked (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Several cigarette smoke constituents such as nicotine, CO 2 , CO (20,21), acrolein, 1,3-butadiene (22), formaldehyde, tobacco-specific nitrosoamines (TSNAs), carbonyls (24), PAHs (25) and trace metals (26) have been determined in a single puff of cigarette smoke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mathematical modeling has also been applied to simulate the cigarette burning during puffing and to predict single puff deliveries (27)(28)(29). To determine the mainstream menthol smoke delivery of a cigarette, typically multiple cigarettes (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) are smoked using a linear or rotary smoking machine (4,5). Menthol in smoke is collected using a 44 or 92 mm diameter Cambridge filter pad.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Determination of Menthol in a Single Puff of Mainstream Cigarette Smoke

Meruva

Smith

Plunkett

2013

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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A method for the determination of menthol in a single puff of mainstream cigarette smoke is reported. A rotary smoking machine with a twin filter interface was used to smoke cigarettes with varying menthol and “tar” deliveries determined based on the Cambridge filter method. The twin filter interface mechanically switches to a new filter pad for collection of smoke from each cigarette puff. The individual filter pad extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine menthol puff-by-puff deliveries. Menthol puff-by-puff profiles show an increase in menthol smoke delivery with increasing puff count, a trend consistent with total particulate matter and smoke delivery profiles of other mainstream smoke constituents. The sum of single puff menthol deliveries is comparable to the whole cigarette menthol smoke delivery as collected on a single filter pad. This method can also determine quantitative puff-by-puff deliveries of other mainstream cigarette smoke constituents.

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Characterization of Puff-by-Puff Resolved Cigarette Mainstream Smoke by Single Photon Ionization−Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Principal Component Analysis

Adam

Baker

Zimmermann

2007

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Soft single photon ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SPI-TOFMS) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied for the characterization and discrimination of the chemical patterns of all individual cigarette puffs from the 2R4F University of Kentucky research reference cigarette. The SPI-TOFMS was connected to a smoking machine, and 10 cigarettes were smoked under defined smoking conditions. A total of 41 detected mass signals could be clearly assigned to smoke constituents (e.g., unsaturated hydrocarbons, aromatic species, sulfurous compounds, and nitrogen-containing substances). For further analysis, the on-line recorded mass signals were added up for each cigarette puff resulting in a single summed mass spectrum for each puff. The so-achieved puff-by-puff resolved yields were additionally normalized by the corresponding total ion signal, which eliminated the influences of varying amounts of burnt tobacco. These values were incorporated into a PCA to find differences and similarities in the chemical patterns of the individual cigarette puffs. In addition, absolute (without normalization) and normalized puff resolved yields were used to clarify occurring trends. Thereby, it was shown that the chemical pattern of the first cigarette puff was very unique, whereby extraordinary high yields of unsaturated hydrocarbons are mainly responsible for this. Depending on the smoking procedure, the chemical pattern of the second puff can also be separated from the first and the third puff. In this case, nitrogen-containing substances play an important role. Puffs three to eight show only small but observable differences. These changes are greater influenced by oxygen-containing and sulfurous smoke constituents. The findings reveal that the overall chemical patterns of machine-smoked cigarette puffs vary quite a lot during the smoking process. This lets us assume that the burden of hazardous compounds for the human smoker also differs from puff to puff.

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Evolution of the Gas-Vapour Phase and the Total Particulate Matter of Cigarette Smoke in a Single Puff

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

The Measurement of Intrapuff Nicotine Yield

The Measurement of Intrapuff Nicotine Yield

Quantitative Determination of Menthol in a Single Puff of Mainstream Cigarette Smoke

Characterization of Puff-by-Puff Resolved Cigarette Mainstream Smoke by Single Photon Ionization−Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Principal Component Analysis

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