2014
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099677
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Evolution of the Global Burden of Viral Infections from Unsafe Medical Injections, 2000–2010

Abstract: BackgroundIn 2000, the World Health Organization estimated that, in developing and transitional countries, unsafe injections accounted for respectively 5%, 32% and 40% of new infections with HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Safe injection campaigns were organized worldwide. The present study sought to measure the progress in reducing the transmission of these viruses through unsafe injections over the subsequent decade.MethodsA mass action model was updated, to recalculate the number o… Show more

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Cited by 160 publications
(106 citation statements)
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“…Unlike the nonimmigrant population, these persons are at increased risk for HCV because of iatrogenic exposure in their country of origin (e.g., lack of standard precautions, or as a result of medical or dental procedures with contaminated equipment) and not necessarily from injection drug use or other higher-risk behaviours. 83 The CFPC/PHAC guidance 14 recommends testing for HCV in individuals who were "born, traveled or resided in a region in which HCV infection is more common." A list of endemic countries and a related map are provided in Appendix 6 (available at www.…”
Section: Considerations For Implementationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Unlike the nonimmigrant population, these persons are at increased risk for HCV because of iatrogenic exposure in their country of origin (e.g., lack of standard precautions, or as a result of medical or dental procedures with contaminated equipment) and not necessarily from injection drug use or other higher-risk behaviours. 83 The CFPC/PHAC guidance 14 recommends testing for HCV in individuals who were "born, traveled or resided in a region in which HCV infection is more common." A list of endemic countries and a related map are provided in Appendix 6 (available at www.…”
Section: Considerations For Implementationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Unsafe injection practices are associated with more than 1.3 million deaths, and the cost of unsafe injections are estimated at approximately 535 million dollars per year (6). During 2000 -2010, the absolute number of HIV and HCV infections, transmitted through unsafe injection practices, has shown a reduction of 87% and 83%, respectively (7). However, in some developing countries, unsafe injections are commonplace and still pose a major public health challenge.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, the epidemiological estimates that inform Tanzanian prevention policies (Sando et al 2014) attribute 2.1% to recreational injection drug use, and 0.0% to iatrogenic transmission (with all remaining infections attributed to sexual transmission). Admittedly, donors such as PEPFAR have invested heavily in blood safety in several African countries over the last decade, and the situation does appear to have improved recently (Pépin et al 2014). Nevertheless, in a country with well-documented routine failures in infection control and in which 30% of health facilities (and 15% of hospitals) still have no capacity to diagnose HIV (MOHSW 2013, 13), claims of zero iatrogenic transmissions should require strong justification.…”
Section: Missing Synergies: Opposing Sexual and Iatrogenic Hiv Transmmentioning
confidence: 99%