Evolution of the hip and pelvis

Hogervorst, Tom; Bouma, Heinse W.; Vos, John de

doi:10.1080/17453690610046620

Cited by 54 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…51 patients were excluded; 30 patients were deceased before FU, 11 patients were not followed because of serious medical co-morbidities and 10 were lost to FU before one year, leaving a total of 185 patients (186 hips) to be analyzed. The average FU was 9 (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) years. The patients had a mean age of 49 …”

Section: Study 2 -Non-operative Management Of Acetabular Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetabular fracture assessment in four different pelvic trauma centers: have the Judet views become superfluous?

Clarke-Jenssen

Øvre

Røise

et al. 2015

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg

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Section: Study 2 -Non-operative Management Of Acetabular Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetabular fracture assessment in four different pelvic trauma centers: have the Judet views become superfluous?

Clarke-Jenssen

Øvre

Røise

et al. 2015

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg

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“…Unlike the knee, where there is much homogeneity in morphology across many orders [1], the pelvis (and thus, the birth canal) is highly variable depending on both locomotor habits, and neonatal size and shape. The need for a rigid and stable pelvis for walking in mammals places limits on the size of the neonate that can successfully pass through the pelvis, and thus an upper limit on brain size at birth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primate pelvic anatomy and implications for birth

Trevathan

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

104

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The pelvis performs two major functions for terrestrial mammals. It provides somewhat rigid support for muscles engaged in locomotion and, for females, it serves as the birth canal. The result for many species, and especially for encephalized primates, is an 'obstetric dilemma' whereby the neonate often has to negotiate a tight squeeze in order to be born. On top of what was probably a baseline of challenging birth, locomotor changes in the evolution of bipedalism in the human lineage resulted in an even more complex birth process. Negotiation of the bipedal pelvis requires a series of rotations, the end of which has the infant emerging from the birth canal facing the opposite direction from the mother. This pattern, strikingly different from what is typically seen in monkeys and apes, places a premium on having assistance at delivery. Recently reported observations of births in monkeys and apes are used to compare the process in human and nonhuman primates, highlighting similarities and differences. These include presentation (face, occiput anterior or posterior), internal and external rotation, use of the hands by mothers and infants, reliance on assistance, and the developmental state of the neonate.

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“…In ewes, the gravity is oriented perpendicular to the sacrum whereas in human it is vertical. This has led to changes in bone mass and architecture [26]. The gluteus maximus and the erector spinea, that keep the human trunk erected, require enlargement and different orientation of the iliac wings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gluteus maximus and the erector spinea, that keep the human trunk erected, require enlargement and different orientation of the iliac wings. The downward facing load results in a wider sacrum, spinal lordosis, and kyphosis and a well-developed pelvic diaphragm [26]. In quadrupeds, the main load is facing the ventral side of the pelvic cavity, which is associated to more developed pubic bones, creating a bony pelvic floor rather than a soft tissue diaphragm [15,26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Anatomy of the Ovine and Female Pelvis

Urbánková

Vdoviaková²,

Rynkevic³

et al. 2017

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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Background: Pelvic organ prolapse affects half of vaginally parous women. Several animal models are used to study its pathophysiology and treatment. Sheep are interesting because they develop spontaneously prolapse with similar risk factors as women and can be used for vaginal surgery. This study describes ovine pelvis anatomy and compares it to women's pelvis to provide anatomical tools for translational researchers. Methods: MRI, pelvic dissections, and histology were used for detailed macro- and microscopic analysis of relevant anatomical structures in 6 nulliparous ewes. Results: Although sheep are quadrupeds, the gross and microscopic anatomies are similar to the female pelvis. Principal differences are the shape and its orientation, the absence of the sacrospinous ligament and the internal obturator. The levator ani (except for the puborectalis) and the coccygeus muscle are present, yet the latter is more developed - coinciding with the tail. The dimensions and morphology of the ovine vagina is comparable. The retropubic and the rectovaginal space are accessible transvaginally. There is a wide expression of estrogen receptors with low or absent immunoreactivity in the urethral epithelium, bladder, anus and internal anal sphincter. Conclusion: The ovine pelvic floor has many anatomical and ultrastructural similarities to the female pelvic floor.

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Evolution of the hip and pelvis

Cited by 54 publications

References 78 publications

Acetabular fracture assessment in four different pelvic trauma centers: have the Judet views become superfluous?

Acetabular fracture assessment in four different pelvic trauma centers: have the Judet views become superfluous?

Primate pelvic anatomy and implications for birth

Comparative Anatomy of the Ovine and Female Pelvis

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