Evolution of the Plasma Universe: II. The Formation of Systems of Galaxies

Abstract

Abstract-The model of the plasma universe, inspired by totally unexpected phenomena observed with the advent and application of fully three-dimensional electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations to filamentary plasmas, consists of studying the interaction between fieldaligned current-conducting, galactic-dimensioned plasma sheets or filaments (Birkeland currents). In a preceding paper, the evolution of the interaction spanned some 108_109 years, where simulational analogs of synchrotron-emitting double radio galaxies and quasars were discovered. This paper reports the evolution through the next 109-5 x 109 years. In particular, reconfiguration and compression of tenuous cosmic plasma due to the self-consistent magnetic fields from currents conducted through the filaments leads to the formation of elliptical, peculiar, and barred and normal spiral galaxies. The importance of the electromagnetic pinch in producing condense states and initiating gravitational collapse of dusty galactic plasma to stellisimals, then stars, is discussed. Simulation data are directly compared to galaxy morphology types, synchrotron flux, Hi distributions, and fine detail structure in rotational velocity curves. These comparisons suggest that knowledge obtained from laboratory, simulation, and magnetospheric plasmas offers not only to enhance our understanding of the universe, but also to provide feedback information to laboratory plasma experiments from the unprecedented source of plasma data provided by the plasma universe.

Are rotation curves in NGC 6946 and the Milky Way magnetically supported?

“…Ideal models are sometimes too much simplified to reproduce the complicated galactic scenario but they are essential to show what are the actual competing forces. Corresponding author: battaner@ugr.es, estrella@ugr.es After the pioneering work of Peratt (1986) and Nelson (1988), the magnetic model has been considered in a series of papers. In a first model, Battaner et al (1992) showed that magnetic fields can provide a centripetal force.…”

Solar wind-magnetosphere interaction as simulated by a 3-D em particle code

“…Its new features (Buneman, 1994) are: (1) Poisson's equation and Fourier transforms have been eliminated by updating the fields locally from the curl equations and depositing the particle currents according to charge-conserving formulas (Villasenor and Buneman, 1992), (2) radiating boundary conditions are applied to the fields using a first order Lindman approximation (Lindman, 1975), (3) filtering is done locally, (4) localisation makes the code ideally suited to modern parallel machines which call for minimising data paths, (5) the code is in Fortran and fully transportable: modest versions run on PCs and on workstations. In the past, the TRISTAN code has successfully simulated large scale space plasma phenomena such as the formation of systems of galaxies (Peratt, 1986). The new version of the code (Buneman, 1994) has been applied to the study of the dynamics of low-/3 plasma clouds and the whistler wave driven by Spacelab 2 electron beam , electron-positron plasmas (Zhao et al 1994a,b) and current loop coalescence : Sakai et al, 1994.…”

The Hubble expansion as ascribed to mutual magnetic induction between neighboring galaxies

“…The author believes that the path whereby the self-magnetizing plasma forms the rotating bar and the spiral arms of the barred spiral galaxies has now been adequately illuminated and validated by the references provided in this paper (Bostick 1956(Bostick , 1957a(Bostick , 1958a(Bostick , 1958b(Bostick , 1986Peratt 1980Peratt , 1984Peratt , 1986.…”

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A 32-year-old hypothesis of the formation of barred-spiral galaxies (Bostick 1957(Bostick , 1958(Bostick , 1986Laurence, 1956) which become coherent-self-exciting homopolar generators has recently gained confirmative support from 3-D, particle-in-cell computer simulations (Nielsen et al 1979;Buneman et al 1980;Peratt et al 1980Peratt et al , 1984Peratt et al , 1986). Such galaxies should be able to convert an appreciable fraction, /, of the energy from their gravitationally-collapsing plasmas to coherently-increasing magnetic energy via their coherent, self-exciting, homopolar-generator action.

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