Evolution of the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance to Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Horses in Florida over a 10-Year Period

Marshall, K; Marsella, Rosanna

doi:10.3390/vetsci10020071

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…Emergence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci, especially in equine hospitals, is leading to increased monitoring for these bacteria because of the difficulties in their treatment and the importance for public health [ 6 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 ]. Methicillin resistance often occurs as the result of carriage of a SCCmec gene cassette [ 6 , 150 ].…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance As a Limiting Factor In Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Aspects of Bacterial Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance in the Reproductive System of Equids

Tyrnenopoulou

Fthenakis

2023

Antibiotics

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Antibiotic administration is a standard therapeutic practice for the treatment of reproductive disorders of equids. This might lead to undesirable microbial imbalance and could favour the acquisition of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, it is imperative for clinicians to understand patterns of antibiotic resistance when considering and developing treatment regimes. Continued engagement of clinicians with novel alternative approaches to treat reproductive infections would be essential in order to address this rising threat within the One Health perspective. The objectives of the present review were to present the bacterial infections in the reproductive system of equids (horses, donkeys), to upraise the literature related to the issue of antibiotic resistance of bacteria causing these infections and to discuss the topic from a clinical perspective. Initially, the review summarised the various infections of the reproductive system of equids (genital system of females, genital system of males, mammary glands) and the causal bacteria, providing relevant information about horses and donkeys. Subsequently, the clinical therapeutics of these infections were presented, taking into account the significance of antibiotic resistance of bacteria as a limiting factor in treating the infections. Finally, approaches to circumvent antibiotic resistance in clinical settings were summarized. It was concluded that awareness regarding antibiotic resistance in equine reproductive medicine would increase, as we would recognise the multifaceted problem of resistance. Actions and initiatives within the One Health approach, minimizing the potential dissemination of resistant strains to humans and to the environment, with specific applications in medicine of equids should be appropriately instituted internationally.

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Section: Antibiotic Resistance As a Limiting Factor In Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Aspects of Bacterial Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance in the Reproductive System of Equids

Tyrnenopoulou

Fthenakis

2023

Antibiotics

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Antibiotic use in first opinion equine practice in the United Kingdom: Serial point prevalence surveys in 17 practices

Sinclair,

Schofield,

Mair

2024

Equine Veterinary Education

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SummaryBackgroundMonitoring antibiotic use (AMU) is a key component of antimicrobial stewardship. Published data on AMU in first opinion equine practice are limited.ObjectivesTo document AMU in first opinion equine practices.Study designRepeated point prevalence surveys.MethodsAMU was recorded one day every month for 12 consecutive months in 17 equine practices.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty‐two horses were prescribed antibiotics across 2273 consultations (excluding routine appointments) (11.1%; 95% CI 9.8%–12.4%). Median number of consultations per practice was 121 (IQR 112–159; range 27–303). Across 17 practices, the proportion of horses receiving antibiotics varied by practice from 0% to 26.4%. Commonest indications for AMU included cellulitis (66; 26.8%), wounds (46; 18.7%), surgical prophylaxis (36; 14.6%), respiratory infection (27; 11.0%) and skin infection (20; 8.1%). Commonest antibiotics prescribed were potentiated sulphonamides (109; 43.6%), oxytetracycline (58; 23.2%), procaine penicillin (40; 16.0%) and doxycycline (36; 14.4%). 45.0% of oxytetracycline use was for surgical prophylaxis. 44.8% of procaine penicillin use was for cellulitis. 28.6% of ‘other antimicrobial’ use was for pyrexia of unknown origin. Use of antibiotics differed significantly depending on the underlying diagnosis (p < 0.001). Median antibiotic dose rates were: potentiated sulphonamides 30 mg/kg (IQR 27–75; range 10–75; n = 96); procaine penicillin 19 mg/kg (IQR 15–23; range 7–30; n = 35); oxytetracycline 6 mg/kg (IQR 5–6; range 4–30; n = 55); doxycycline 10 mg/kg (IQR 10–20; range 7–30; n = 34).Main limitationsWeight of horses were often estimated. Duration of antibiotic courses was not recorded.ConclusionsAntibiotics were prescribed in 11% of nonroutine consultations. Commonest indication for AMU was cellulitis. Potentiated sulphonamides, oxytetracycline and procaine penicillin were the commonest prescribed drugs. Critically important antibiotic use was infrequent. Dose rates varied, but median values were generally appropriate.

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Antimicrobial Resistance in Equines: A Growing Threat to Horse Health and Beyond—A Comprehensive Review

Kabir,

Lamichhane,

Habib

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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The equine industry holds substantial economic importance not only in the USA but worldwide. The occurrence of various infectious bacterial diseases in horses can lead to severe health issues, economic losses, and restrictions on horse movement and trade. Effective management and control of these diseases are therefore crucial for the growth and sustainability of the equine industry. While antibiotics constitute the primary treatment strategy for any bacterial infections in horses, developing resistance to clinically important antibiotics poses significant challenges to equine health and welfare. The adverse effects of antimicrobial overuse and the escalating threat of resistance underscore the critical importance of antimicrobial stewardship within the equine industry. There is limited information on the epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections in horses. In this comprehensive review, we focus on the history and types of antimicrobials used in horses and provide recommendations for combating drug-resistant bacterial infections in horses. This review also highlights the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in horses, emphasizing the public health significance and transmission dynamics between horses and other animals within a One Health framework. By fostering responsible practices and innovative control measures, we can better help the equine industry combat the pressing threat of AMR and thus safeguard equine as well as public health.

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Evolution of the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance to Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Horses in Florida over a 10-Year Period

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Clinical Aspects of Bacterial Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance in the Reproductive System of Equids

Clinical Aspects of Bacterial Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance in the Reproductive System of Equids

Antibiotic use in first opinion equine practice in the United Kingdom: Serial point prevalence surveys in 17 practices

Antimicrobial Resistance in Equines: A Growing Threat to Horse Health and Beyond—A Comprehensive Review

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